From eb8f660ab522556531b06f357fb4d3c408b091da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yun <yun@yun.ink>
Date: Sat, 15 Aug 2026 01:38:05 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=96=B0?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 .gitignore                       |   4 +-
 address.go                       |  38 ++
 aliyun/aliyun.go                 | 384 +++++++---------
 aliyun/aliyun_internal_test.go   |  58 +++
 aliyun/aliyun_mock_test.go       | 290 ++++++++++++
 aliyun/aliyun_test.go            |  81 ++--
 aws/aws.go                       | 169 ++++---
 aws/aws_internal_test.go         |  40 ++
 aws/aws_mock_test.go             | 183 ++++++++
 aws/aws_test.go                  |  45 +-
 cmd/main.go                      | 105 ++++-
 errors.go                        |  15 +
 example_test.go                  |  73 +++
 examples/README.md               |  50 ++
 examples/advanced/main.go        | 111 +++++
 examples/basic/main.go           |  67 +++
 examples/custom_sender/main.go   |  80 ++++
 examples/manager/main.go         |  92 ++++
 examples/quickstart/main.go      |  51 +++
 examples/with_env/.env.example   |  31 ++
 examples/with_env/main.go        | 127 ++++++
 from.go                          | 144 ++++++
 go.mod                           |  22 +-
 go.sum                           |  65 +--
 html.go                          |  94 ++--
 html_resource_test.go            |  71 +++
 html_test.go                     |   5 +-
 interfaces/consts.go             |  76 ----
 interfaces/interfaces.go         |  85 ----
 interfaces/options.go            |  56 ---
 internal_test.go                 |  20 +
 logger.go                        |  67 +++
 logger_test.go                   |  44 ++
 mailgun/mailgun.go               | 176 ++++++--
 mailgun/mailgun_internal_test.go |  28 ++
 mailgun/mailgun_mock_test.go     | 189 ++++++++
 mailgun/mailgun_test.go          |  29 +-
 mailx.go                         |  56 +--
 manager.go                       | 218 +++++++++
 manager_test.go                  | 486 ++++++++++++++++++++
 message.go                       | 218 +++++++++
 message_test.go                  | 117 +++++
 message_util_test.go             | 274 +++++++++++
 mock_test.go                     |  49 ++
 old/asset/hhh.txt                |   1 -
 old/asset/余额宝.png             | Bin 39128 -> 0 bytes
 old/html.go                      |  77 ----
 old/html_test.go                 |  60 ---
 old/mailx.go                     | 202 ---------
 old/mailx_test.go                |  64 ---
 readme.md                        | 313 ++++++++++++-
 sender.go                        |  17 +
 smtp/smtp.go                     | 752 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 smtp/smtp_internal_test.go       | 330 ++++++++++++++
 smtp/smtp_test.go                | 282 +++++++++---
 status.go                        |  22 +
 util.go                          |  36 ++
 57 files changed, 5401 insertions(+), 1438 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 address.go
 create mode 100644 aliyun/aliyun_internal_test.go
 create mode 100644 aliyun/aliyun_mock_test.go
 create mode 100644 aws/aws_internal_test.go
 create mode 100644 aws/aws_mock_test.go
 create mode 100644 errors.go
 create mode 100644 example_test.go
 create mode 100644 examples/README.md
 create mode 100644 examples/advanced/main.go
 create mode 100644 examples/basic/main.go
 create mode 100644 examples/custom_sender/main.go
 create mode 100644 examples/manager/main.go
 create mode 100644 examples/quickstart/main.go
 create mode 100644 examples/with_env/.env.example
 create mode 100644 examples/with_env/main.go
 create mode 100644 from.go
 create mode 100644 html_resource_test.go
 delete mode 100644 interfaces/consts.go
 delete mode 100644 interfaces/interfaces.go
 delete mode 100644 interfaces/options.go
 create mode 100644 internal_test.go
 create mode 100644 logger.go
 create mode 100644 logger_test.go
 create mode 100644 mailgun/mailgun_internal_test.go
 create mode 100644 mailgun/mailgun_mock_test.go
 create mode 100644 manager.go
 create mode 100644 manager_test.go
 create mode 100644 message.go
 create mode 100644 message_test.go
 create mode 100644 message_util_test.go
 create mode 100644 mock_test.go
 delete mode 100644 old/asset/hhh.txt
 delete mode 100644 old/asset/余额宝.png
 delete mode 100644 old/html.go
 delete mode 100644 old/html_test.go
 delete mode 100644 old/mailx.go
 delete mode 100644 old/mailx_test.go
 create mode 100644 sender.go
 create mode 100644 smtp/smtp_internal_test.go
 create mode 100644 status.go
 create mode 100644 util.go

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index bf0824e..09b0580 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
-*.log
\ No newline at end of file
+*.log
+.env
+examples/with_env/.env
diff --git a/address.go b/address.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f643ee9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/address.go
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package mailx
+
+import (
+	"net/mail"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// AddressList 解析逗号/分号分隔的地址串，返回规范化后的 []mail.Address。
+// 兼容纯地址与 "显示名 <addr>" 形式。
+func AddressList(s string) ([]*mail.Address, error) {
+	parse := func(v string) ([]*mail.Address, error) {
+		replaced := strings.ReplaceAll(v, ";", ",")
+		return mail.ParseAddressList(replaced)
+	}
+	// 尝试直接解析；若因分号等失败，做简单清理
+	if addrs, err := parse(s); err == nil {
+		return addrs, nil
+	}
+	return parse(strings.TrimSpace(s))
+}
+
+// IsValidAddress 判断单个地址是否合法（兼容显示名形式）
+func IsValidAddress(s string) bool {
+	if s == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	_, err := mail.ParseAddress(s)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+// ExtractEmail 从地址（可能含显示名）中提取纯邮箱地址，供 SMTP Mail/Rcpt 使用
+func ExtractEmail(s string) (string, error) {
+	a, err := mail.ParseAddress(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return a.Address, nil
+}
diff --git a/aliyun/aliyun.go b/aliyun/aliyun.go
index c9063c2..ab2bf00 100644
--- a/aliyun/aliyun.go
+++ b/aliyun/aliyun.go
@@ -1,260 +1,218 @@
+// Package aliyun 提供阿里云邮件推送（DirectMail）通道。
 package aliyun
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 	openapi "github.com/alibabacloud-go/darabonba-openapi/v2/client"
 	dm20151123 "github.com/alibabacloud-go/dm-20151123/v2/client"
 	util "github.com/alibabacloud-go/tea-utils/v2/service"
 	"github.com/alibabacloud-go/tea/tea"
 )
 
+// defaultTimeout 单次 API 调用的默认超时
+const defaultTimeout = 30 * time.Second
+
+// Config 阿里云邮件推送通道配置
+type Config struct {
+	AccessKeyID     string // AccessKey ID
+	AccessKeySecret string // AccessKey Secret
+	Endpoint        string // Endpoint，默认 dm.aliyuncs.com
+	AccountName     string // 发信地址（必填）
+	ReplyAddress    string // 默认回复地址（可选）
+	Timeout         time.Duration // 单次 API 调用的超时，默认 30s
+}
+
+// dmMailer 阿里云 DM 客户端的最小接口（便于测试注入 mock）
+type dmMailer interface {
+	SingleSendMailWithOptions(request *dm20151123.SingleSendMailRequest, runtime *util.RuntimeOptions) (*dm20151123.SingleSendMailResponse, error)
+	SenderStatisticsDetailByParamWithOptions(request *dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamRequest, runtime *util.RuntimeOptions) (*dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponse, error)
+}
+
+// Aliyun 阿里云发送通道
 type Aliyun struct {
-	interfaces.DefaultEmail
-	client *dm20151123.Client
-	// params *interfaces.EmialConfigDataAliyun
-	// logger loggerx.LoggerInterface
+	cfg Config
+
+	initOnce sync.Once
+	client   dmMailer
+	initErr  error
 }
 
-func NewAliyun() *Aliyun {
-	aliyun := &Aliyun{}
-	aliyun.Options = interfaces.DefaultOptions()
-	aliyun.EmailType = interfaces.EmailTypeAliyun
-	return aliyun
+// New 创建阿里云通道
+func New(cfg Config) *Aliyun {
+	if cfg.Endpoint == "" {
+		cfg.Endpoint = "dm.aliyuncs.com"
+	}
+	return &Aliyun{cfg: cfg}
 }
 
-func (l *Aliyun) SetOption(ctx context.Context, opt ...interfaces.Option) (interfaces.EmailInterface, error) {
+// Name 返回通道名称
+func (a *Aliyun) Name() string { return "aliyun" }
 
-	for _, o := range opt {
-		o(&l.Options)
+// Send 发送一封邮件
+func (a *Aliyun) Send(ctx context.Context, msg *mailx.Message) error {
+	logger := mailx.LoggerFromContext(ctx)
+
+	if len(msg.To) > 100 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: aliyun up to 100 recipients allowed", mailx.ErrInvalidMessage)
+	}
+	if a.cfg.AccountName == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: aliyun AccountName is required", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Inline) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: aliyun SingleSendMail does not support inline images", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig)
 	}
 
-	l.Options.Logger.Infof(ctx, "Aliyun:%+v", l.Options.Aliyun)
-
-	if l.Options.Aliyun == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("not aliyun")
-	}
-
-	// 工程代码泄露可能会导致 AccessKey 泄露，并威胁账号下所有资源的安全性。以下代码示例仅供参考。
-	// 建议使用更安全的 STS 方式，更多鉴权访问方式请参见：https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/378661.html。
-	config := &openapi.Config{
-		// 必填，请确保代码运行环境设置了环境变量 ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID。
-		AccessKeyId: tea.String(l.Options.Aliyun.AccessId),
-		// 必填，请确保代码运行环境设置了环境变量 ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
-		AccessKeySecret: tea.String(l.Options.Aliyun.AccessKey),
-	}
-	if l.Options.Aliyun.Endpoint == "" {
-		l.Options.Aliyun.Endpoint = "dm.aliyuncs.com"
-	}
-
-	// Endpoint 请参考 https://api.aliyun.com/product/Dm
-	config.Endpoint = tea.String(l.Options.Aliyun.Endpoint)
-
-	result, err := dm20151123.NewClient(config)
+	client, err := a.newClient()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return fmt.Errorf("mailx/aliyun: create client: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return &Aliyun{
-		client: result,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func (l *Aliyun) Send(ctx context.Context, params interfaces.Message) error {
-	if l.client == nil {
-		return errors.New("client no init")
+	// 阿里云 DirectMail 的 HtmlBody 必填；纯文本也需以 HTML 形式传递
+	htmlBody := msg.Body
+	if htmlBody == "" {
+		htmlBody = mailx.EscapeHTML(msg.TextBody)
 	}
-	if len(params.To) > 100 {
-		return errors.New("最多 100 个地址")
-	}
-	if l.Options.Aliyun.AccountName == "" {
-		return errors.New("AccountName 必填")
+	req := &dm20151123.SingleSendMailRequest{
+		AccountName: tea.String(a.cfg.AccountName),
+		ToAddress:   tea.String(strings.Join(msg.To, ",")),
+		Subject:     tea.String(msg.Subject),
+		HtmlBody:    tea.String(htmlBody),
+		AddressType: tea.Int32(0), // 0：随机账号；1：发信地址
 	}
 
-	toAddress := strings.Join(params.To, ",")
-
-	singleSendMailRequest := &dm20151123.SingleSendMailRequest{}
-
-	singleSendMailRequest.AccountName = tea.String(l.Options.Aliyun.AccountName)
-	singleSendMailRequest.ToAddress = tea.String(toAddress) // 目标地址，多个 email 地址可以用逗号分隔，最多 100 个地址（支持邮件组）。
-	singleSendMailRequest.Subject = tea.String(params.Subject)
-	singleSendMailRequest.HtmlBody = tea.String(params.Body)
-	singleSendMailRequest.AddressType = tea.Int32(0) // 地址类型。取值：0：为随机账号1：为发信地址
-
-	if params.ReplyTo != "" {
-		singleSendMailRequest.ReplyToAddress = tea.Bool(false)
-		singleSendMailRequest.ReplyAddress = tea.String(params.ReplyTo)
+	replyTo := msg.ReplyTo
+	if replyTo == "" {
+		replyTo = a.cfg.ReplyAddress
+	}
+	if replyTo != "" {
+		req.ReplyToAddress = tea.Bool(false)
+		req.ReplyAddress = tea.String(replyTo)
 	} else {
-		singleSendMailRequest.ReplyToAddress = tea.Bool(true)
+		req.ReplyToAddress = tea.Bool(true)
 	}
 
-	runtime := &util.RuntimeOptions{}
-	tryErr := func() (_e error) {
-		defer func() {
-			if r := tea.Recover(recover()); r != nil {
-				_e = r
-			}
-		}()
-		// 复制代码运行请自行打印 API 的返回值
-		resp, err := l.client.SingleSendMailWithOptions(singleSendMailRequest, runtime)
-		by, _ := json.Marshal(resp)
-		fmt.Printf("resp:%+v err:%+v", string(by), err)
-		l.Options.Logger.Infof(ctx, "resp:%+v err:%+v", resp, err)
-
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return nil
-	}()
-
-	if tryErr != nil {
-		l.Options.Logger.Errorf(ctx, "err:%+v", tryErr)
-		return tryErr
-
-		// var error = &tea.SDKError{}
-		// if _t, ok := tryErr.(*tea.SDKError); ok {
-		// 	error = _t
-		// } else {
-		// 	error.Message = tea.String(tryErr.Error())
-		// }
-		// // 此处仅做打印展示，请谨慎对待异常处理，在工程项目中切勿直接忽略异常。
-		// // 错误 message
-		// fmt.Println(tea.StringValue(error.Message))
-		// // 诊断地址
-		// var data interface{}
-		// d := json.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(tea.StringValue(error.Data)))
-		// d.Decode(&data)
-		// if m, ok := data.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
-		// 	recommend, _ := m["Recommend"]
-		// 	fmt.Println("recommend", recommend)
-		// }
-		// _, _err := util.AssertAsString(error.Message)
-		// if _err != nil {
-		// 	return _err
-		// }
+	// 将 ctx 的 deadline 折算为超时，同时应用配置超时
+	runtime := a.runtimeOptions(ctx)
+	if _, err := client.SingleSendMailWithOptions(req, runtime); err != nil {
+		logger.Errorf(ctx, "mailx/aliyun: send failed: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", mailx.ErrSendFailed, err)
 	}
-
-	return nil // 实现具体的 Aliyun 发送方法
-	// 如：return aliyunSDK.SendMail(params)
+	logger.Infof(ctx, "mailx/aliyun: sent to %v subject=%q", msg.To, msg.Subject)
+	return nil
 }
 
-// 同步状态
-func (l *Aliyun) SyncStatus(ctx context.Context) (resp []interfaces.EmailSendRecord, err error) {
-
-	start := ""
-
-	// 一次同步一天的数据
-	for {
-		list, next, err := l.getSendStatus(ctx, start)
-		l.Options.Logger.Infof(ctx, "list:%+v next:%+v err:%+v", list, next, err)
+// newClient 惰性创建并复用阿里云 SDK 客户端（线程安全）。
+// 若已通过测试或其他方式注入 client，则直接返回注入的客户端。
+func (a *Aliyun) newClient() (dmMailer, error) {
+	if a.client != nil {
+		return a.client, a.initErr
+	}
+	a.initOnce.Do(func() {
+		config := &openapi.Config{
+			AccessKeyId:     tea.String(a.cfg.AccessKeyID),
+			AccessKeySecret: tea.String(a.cfg.AccessKeySecret),
+			Endpoint:        tea.String(a.cfg.Endpoint),
+		}
+		c, err := dm20151123.NewClient(config)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			a.initErr = fmt.Errorf("mailx/aliyun: create client: %w", err)
+			return
+		}
+		a.client = c
+	})
+	return a.client, a.initErr
+}
+
+// runtimeOptions 根据配置与 ctx 计算超时，返回 RuntimeOptions
+func (a *Aliyun) runtimeOptions(ctx context.Context) *util.RuntimeOptions {
+	timeout := a.cfg.Timeout
+	if timeout <= 0 {
+		timeout = defaultTimeout
+	}
+	if dl, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
+		if remain := time.Until(dl); remain > 0 && remain < timeout {
+			timeout = remain
+		}
+	}
+	ro := &util.RuntimeOptions{}
+	if timeout > 0 {
+		ms := int(timeout / time.Millisecond)
+		ro.SetConnectTimeout(ms)
+		ro.SetReadTimeout(ms)
+	}
+	return ro
+}
+
+// SyncStatus 同步发送状态（阿里云特有能力，非 Sender 接口的一部分）
+func (a *Aliyun) SyncStatus(ctx context.Context) ([]mailx.EmailSendRecord, error) {
+	logger := mailx.LoggerFromContext(ctx)
+
+	client, err := a.newClient()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/aliyun: create client: %w", err)
+	}
+	runtime := a.runtimeOptions(ctx)
+
+	var records []mailx.EmailSendRecord
+	start := ""
+	// 分页拉取最近一天的数据
+	for {
+		req := &dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamRequest{
+			StartTime: tea.String(time.Now().AddDate(0, 0, -1).Format("2006-01-02 15:04")),
+			EndTime:   tea.String(time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04")),
+			Length:    tea.Int32(100),
+		}
+		if start != "" {
+			req.NextStart = tea.String(start)
 		}
 
-		for _, val := range list {
-
-			t, _ := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02T15:04Z", tea.StringValue(val.LastUpdateTime), time.Local)
-
-			// 0：成功 2：无效地址 3：垃圾邮件 4：失败
-			record := interfaces.EmailSendRecord{
-				AccountName:  tea.StringValue(val.AccountName),
-				UpdateTime:   t.UnixMilli(),
-				ToUser:       tea.StringValue(val.ToAddress),
-				Subject:      tea.StringValue(val.Subject),
-				ErrorMessage: tea.StringValue(val.Message),
-			}
-
-			switch tea.Int32Value(val.Status) {
-			case 0:
-				record.Status = interfaces.EmailSendStatusSuccess
-			case 2:
-				record.Status = interfaces.EmailSendStatusInvalidAddress
-			case 3:
-				record.Status = interfaces.EmailSendStatusSpam
-			case 4:
-				record.Status = interfaces.EmailSendStatusFailed
-			default:
-				record.Status = interfaces.EmailSendStatusUnknown
-			}
-
-			resp = append(resp, record)
+		resp, err := client.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamWithOptions(req, runtime)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Errorf(ctx, "mailx/aliyun: sync status failed: %v", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/aliyun: sync status: %w", err)
 		}
-		if next == nil || len(*next) == 0 {
+		if resp == nil || resp.Body == nil || resp.Body.Data == nil {
 			break
 		}
-		start = *next
-	}
 
-	return resp, nil
-
-}
-
-func (l *Aliyun) getSendStatus(ctx context.Context, start string) (list []*dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponseBodyDataMailDetail, nextStart *string, err error) {
-	now := time.Now().Local()
-	senderStatisticsDetailByParamRequest := &dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamRequest{
-		StartTime: tea.String(now.AddDate(0, 0, -1).Format("2006-01-02 15:04")),
-		EndTime:   tea.String(now.Format("2006-01-02 15:04")),
-		Length:    tea.Int32(100),
-	}
-	if start != "" {
-		senderStatisticsDetailByParamRequest.NextStart = tea.String(start)
-	}
-	runtime := &util.RuntimeOptions{}
-	tryErr := func() (_e error) {
-		defer func() {
-			if r := tea.Recover(recover()); r != nil {
-				_e = r
-			}
-		}()
-		// 复制代码运行请自行打印 API 的返回值
-		resp, _err := l.client.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamWithOptions(senderStatisticsDetailByParamRequest, runtime)
-		if _err != nil {
-			l.Options.Logger.Errorf(ctx, "resp:%+v err:%+v", resp, _err)
-			return _err
+		for _, d := range resp.Body.Data.MailDetail {
+			t, _ := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02T15:04Z", tea.StringValue(d.LastUpdateTime), time.Local)
+			records = append(records, mailx.EmailSendRecord{
+				AccountName:  tea.StringValue(d.AccountName),
+				UpdateTime:   t.UnixMilli(),
+				ToUser:       tea.StringValue(d.ToAddress),
+				Subject:      tea.StringValue(d.Subject),
+				ErrorMessage: tea.StringValue(d.Message),
+				Status:       mapSendStatus(tea.Int32Value(d.Status)),
+			})
 		}
 
-		if resp == nil || resp.Body == nil || resp.Body.Data == nil {
-			return errors.New("resp.Body.Data is nil")
+		if resp.Body.NextStart == nil || *resp.Body.NextStart == "" {
+			break
 		}
+		start = *resp.Body.NextStart
+	}
+	return records, nil
+}
 
-		list = resp.Body.Data.MailDetail
-		nextStart = resp.Body.NextStart
-
-		return nil
-	}()
-
-	if tryErr != nil {
-		l.Options.Logger.Errorf(ctx, "err:%+v", tryErr)
-		return nil, nil, tryErr
-
-		// var error = &tea.SDKError{}
-		// if _t, ok := tryErr.(*tea.SDKError); ok {
-		// 	error = _t
-		// } else {
-		// 	error.Message = tea.String(tryErr.Error())
-		// }
-		// // 此处仅做打印展示，请谨慎对待异常处理，在工程项目中切勿直接忽略异常。
-		// // 错误 message
-		// fmt.Println(tea.StringValue(error.Message))
-		// // 诊断地址
-		// var data interface{}
-		// d := json.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(tea.StringValue(error.Data)))
-		// d.Decode(&data)
-		// if m, ok := data.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
-		// 	recommend, _ := m["Recommend"]
-		// 	fmt.Println("recommend:", recommend)
-		// }
-		// _, _err := util.AssertAsString(error.Message)
-		// if _err != nil {
-		// 	l.logger.Errorf(ctx, "resp:%+v err:%+v", error.Message, _err)
-		// 	return nil, nil, _err
-		// }
+// mapSendStatus 阿里云状态码映射为统一状态
+func mapSendStatus(code int32) mailx.EmailSendStatus {
+	switch code {
+	case 0:
+		return mailx.EmailSendStatusSuccess
+	case 2:
+		return mailx.EmailSendStatusInvalidAddress
+	case 3:
+		return mailx.EmailSendStatusSpam
+	case 4:
+		return mailx.EmailSendStatusFailed
+	default:
+		return mailx.EmailSendStatusUnknown
 	}
-	return list, nextStart, nil
 }
diff --git a/aliyun/aliyun_internal_test.go b/aliyun/aliyun_internal_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb49e00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/aliyun/aliyun_internal_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+package aliyun
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+var _ mailx.Sender = (*Aliyun)(nil)
+
+func TestConfigDefaults(t *testing.T) {
+	a := New(Config{})
+	if a.cfg.Endpoint != "dm.aliyuncs.com" {
+		t.Errorf("default endpoint = %q, want dm.aliyuncs.com", a.cfg.Endpoint)
+	}
+	// 显式指定 Endpoint 时不应被覆盖
+	a = New(Config{Endpoint: "dm.eu-central-1.aliyuncs.com"})
+	if a.cfg.Endpoint != "dm.eu-central-1.aliyuncs.com" {
+		t.Errorf("explicit endpoint overwritten: %q", a.cfg.Endpoint)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestName(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := New(Config{}).Name(); got != "aliyun" {
+		t.Errorf("Name() = %q, want aliyun", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMapSendStatus(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		in   int32
+		want mailx.EmailSendStatus
+	}{
+		{0, mailx.EmailSendStatusSuccess},
+		{2, mailx.EmailSendStatusInvalidAddress},
+		{3, mailx.EmailSendStatusSpam},
+		{4, mailx.EmailSendStatusFailed},
+		{9, mailx.EmailSendStatusUnknown},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := mapSendStatus(c.in); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("mapSendStatus(%d) = %v, want %v", c.in, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendWithoutConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	// 缺少 AccountName 时应在发送前报错，而不是触发网络请求
+	a := New(Config{AccessKeyID: "ak", AccessKeySecret: "sk"})
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("a@b.com").
+		Subject("s").
+		Build())
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Send without AccountName should error")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/aliyun/aliyun_mock_test.go b/aliyun/aliyun_mock_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98e5b1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/aliyun/aliyun_mock_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+package aliyun
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+	dm20151123 "github.com/alibabacloud-go/dm-20151123/v2/client"
+	util "github.com/alibabacloud-go/tea-utils/v2/service"
+	"github.com/alibabacloud-go/tea/tea"
+)
+
+// mockDM 实现 dmMailer 接口，记录请求并可按需返回错误
+type mockDM struct {
+	sendErr   error
+	statsErr  error
+	lastSend  *dm20151123.SingleSendMailRequest
+	lastStats *dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamRequest
+
+	// statsPages 模拟分页返回；nil 时返回单个空页
+	statsPages []*dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponse
+}
+
+func (m *mockDM) SingleSendMailWithOptions(req *dm20151123.SingleSendMailRequest, _ *util.RuntimeOptions) (*dm20151123.SingleSendMailResponse, error) {
+	m.lastSend = req
+	if m.sendErr != nil {
+		return nil, m.sendErr
+	}
+	return &dm20151123.SingleSendMailResponse{}, nil
+}
+
+func (m *mockDM) SenderStatisticsDetailByParamWithOptions(req *dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamRequest, _ *util.RuntimeOptions) (*dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponse, error) {
+	m.lastStats = req
+	if m.statsErr != nil {
+		return nil, m.statsErr
+	}
+	if len(m.statsPages) > 0 {
+		resp := m.statsPages[0]
+		m.statsPages = m.statsPages[1:]
+		return resp, nil
+	}
+	return &dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponse{Body: &dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponseBody{}}, nil
+}
+
+// TestSendSuccess 验证完整发送流程与请求构造
+func TestSendSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockDM{}
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{AccountName: "noreply@example.com", ReplyAddress: "r@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("a@example.com", "b@example.com").
+		Subject("hi").
+		HTML("<b>html</b>").
+		Build()
+
+	if err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	req := mock.lastSend
+	if req == nil {
+		t.Fatal("no request captured")
+	}
+	if tea.StringValue(req.AccountName) != "noreply@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("AccountName = %q", tea.StringValue(req.AccountName))
+	}
+	if tea.StringValue(req.ToAddress) != "a@example.com,b@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("ToAddress = %q", tea.StringValue(req.ToAddress))
+	}
+	if tea.StringValue(req.Subject) != "hi" {
+		t.Errorf("Subject = %q", tea.StringValue(req.Subject))
+	}
+	if tea.StringValue(req.HtmlBody) != "<b>html</b>" {
+		t.Errorf("HtmlBody = %q", tea.StringValue(req.HtmlBody))
+	}
+	if tea.BoolValue(req.ReplyToAddress) {
+		t.Errorf("ReplyToAddress = %v, want false (uses custom ReplyAddress)", tea.BoolValue(req.ReplyToAddress))
+	}
+	if tea.StringValue(req.ReplyAddress) != "r@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("ReplyAddress = %q", tea.StringValue(req.ReplyAddress))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendTextOnly 验证纯文本正文被转义为 HTML
+func TestSendTextOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockDM{}
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{AccountName: "noreply@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Text("a < b & c").Build()
+	if err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got := tea.StringValue(mock.lastSend.HtmlBody)
+	if got != "a &lt; b &amp; c" {
+		t.Errorf("escaped HtmlBody = %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendMsgReplyTo 验证 msg.ReplyTo 优先于 cfg.ReplyAddress
+func TestSendMsgReplyTo(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockDM{}
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{AccountName: "noreply@example.com", ReplyAddress: "cfg@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").ReplyTo("msg@example.com").Build()
+	if err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if tea.StringValue(mock.lastSend.ReplyAddress) != "msg@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("ReplyAddress = %q, want msg@example.com", tea.StringValue(mock.lastSend.ReplyAddress))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendNoReplyTo 验证无回复地址时 ReplyToAddress=true
+func TestSendNoReplyTo(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockDM{}
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{AccountName: "noreply@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	if err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !tea.BoolValue(mock.lastSend.ReplyToAddress) {
+		t.Errorf("ReplyToAddress = %v, want true", tea.BoolValue(mock.lastSend.ReplyToAddress))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendTooManyRecipients 验证超过 100 收件人报错
+func TestSendTooManyRecipients(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockDM{}
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{AccountName: "noreply@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	to := make([]string, 101)
+	for i := range to {
+		to[i] = "u@example.com"
+	}
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To(to...).Subject("s").Build()
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidMessage) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrInvalidMessage", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendNoAccount 验证缺少 AccountName 报错
+func TestSendNoAccount(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{}, client: &mockDM{}}
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrInvalidConfig", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendInlineError 验证内嵌图片报错
+func TestSendInlineError(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{AccountName: "noreply@example.com"}, client: &mockDM{}}
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").
+		InlineImageBytes("cid1", "a.png", []byte{1}).
+		Build()
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrInvalidConfig", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendFail 验证发送失败包装为 ErrSendFailed
+func TestSendFail(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockDM{sendErr: errors.New("aliyun down")}
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{AccountName: "noreply@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSendFailed) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrSendFailed", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRuntimeOptions 验证超时计算
+func TestRuntimeOptions(t *testing.T) {
+	// 默认超时 30s
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{}}
+	ro := a.runtimeOptions(context.Background())
+	if ro == nil {
+		t.Fatal("runtime options nil")
+	}
+	// 配置超时 1s
+	a = &Aliyun{cfg: Config{Timeout: time.Second}}
+	ro = a.runtimeOptions(context.Background())
+	// ctx 已有更早 deadline
+	early, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 100*time.Millisecond)
+	defer cancel()
+	ro = a.runtimeOptions(early)
+	_ = ro // 只要不 panic 即可
+}
+
+// TestSyncStatusSuccess 验证状态同步记录映射
+func TestSyncStatusSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockDM{
+		statsPages: []*dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponse{
+			{
+				Body: &dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponseBody{
+					Data: &dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponseBodyData{
+						MailDetail: []*dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponseBodyDataMailDetail{
+							{
+								AccountName:    tea.String("noreply@example.com"),
+								ToAddress:      tea.String("a@example.com"),
+								Subject:        tea.String("hi"),
+								Status:         tea.Int32(0),
+								Message:        tea.String(""),
+								LastUpdateTime: tea.String("2026-08-15T10:00Z"),
+							},
+							{
+								AccountName:    tea.String("noreply@example.com"),
+								ToAddress:      tea.String("b@example.com"),
+								Subject:        tea.String("bye"),
+								Status:         tea.Int32(4),
+								Message:        tea.String("rejected"),
+								LastUpdateTime: tea.String("2026-08-15T11:00Z"),
+							},
+						},
+					},
+					NextStart: tea.String("page2"),
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Body: &dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponseBody{
+					Data: &dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponseBodyData{
+						MailDetail: []*dm20151123.SenderStatisticsDetailByParamResponseBodyDataMailDetail{
+							{
+								ToAddress: tea.String("c@example.com"),
+								Subject:   tea.String("page2 mail"),
+								Status:    tea.Int32(2),
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{}, client: mock}
+
+	records, err := a.SyncStatus(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(records) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("records len = %d, want 3 (pagination)", len(records))
+	}
+	if records[0].Status != mailx.EmailSendStatusSuccess {
+		t.Errorf("records[0].Status = %v, want Success", records[0].Status)
+	}
+	if records[1].Status != mailx.EmailSendStatusFailed {
+		t.Errorf("records[1].Status = %v, want Failed", records[1].Status)
+	}
+	if records[1].ErrorMessage != "rejected" {
+		t.Errorf("records[1].ErrorMessage = %q", records[1].ErrorMessage)
+	}
+	if records[2].Status != mailx.EmailSendStatusInvalidAddress {
+		t.Errorf("records[2].Status = %v, want InvalidAddress", records[2].Status)
+	}
+	// 验证第二页请求带 NextStart
+	if mock.lastStats == nil || tea.StringValue(mock.lastStats.NextStart) != "page2" {
+		t.Errorf("second page NextStart = %v", mock.lastStats)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSyncStatusFail 验证状态同步失败包装错误
+func TestSyncStatusFail(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockDM{statsErr: errors.New("api error")}
+	a := &Aliyun{cfg: Config{}, client: mock}
+	if _, err := a.SyncStatus(context.Background()); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("SyncStatus should error")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestNewClientReuse 验证 client 惰性复用（只初始化一次）
+func TestNewClientReuse(t *testing.T) {
+	a := New(Config{AccessKeyID: "ak", AccessKeySecret: "sk", AccountName: "n@e.com"})
+	c1, err := a.newClient()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	c2, err := a.newClient()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if c1 != c2 {
+		t.Error("client should be reused")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/aliyun/aliyun_test.go b/aliyun/aliyun_test.go
index 2949eb4..d78b5c3 100644
--- a/aliyun/aliyun_test.go
+++ b/aliyun/aliyun_test.go
@@ -5,73 +5,52 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"testing"
 
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aliyun"
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
 )
 
 func TestSend(t *testing.T) {
-	aliyun := aliyun.NewAliyun()
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	ali, err := aliyun.SetOption(ctx, interfaces.SetAliyun(&interfaces.EmialConfigDataAliyun{
-		AccessId:     "LTAI5tEQ8L8fmDir8udD3CFr",
-		AccessKey:    "llg9M1U56s2SW5PuerlKPvTB1xYhn0",
-		Endpoint:     "dm.aliyuncs.com",
-		AccountName:  "test@email.aisz.org", //"test@email.aisz.org",
-		ReplyAddress: "287852692@qq.com",
-	}))
-
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skip real send in short mode")
 	}
-
-	by, err := os.ReadFile("./assets/zh_Hant.html")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	t.Log(string(by))
-
-	err = ali.Send(ctx, interfaces.Message{
-		To:      []string{"995116474@qq.com"},
-		Subject: "测试主题",
-		Body:    string(by),
+	client := aliyun.New(aliyun.Config{
+		AccessKeyID:     "LTAI5tEQ8L8fmDir8udD3CFr",
+		AccessKeySecret: "llg9M1U56s2SW5PuerlKPvTB1xYhn0",
+		Endpoint:        "dm.aliyuncs.com",
+		AccountName:     "test@email.aisz.org",
+		ReplyAddress:    "287852692@qq.com",
 	})
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	body, err := os.ReadFile("./assets/zh_Hant.html")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Log(string(body))
+
+	err = client.Send(ctx, mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("995116474@qq.com").
+		Subject("测试主题").
+		Body(string(body)).
+		Build())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("resp err", err)
 	}
-
 	t.Log("send success")
 }
 
 // func TestSyncStatus(t *testing.T) {
-// 	aliyun := &aliyun.Aliyun{}
-// 	ctx := context.Background()
-
-// 	global.Logger = loggerx.NewLogger(ctx)
-
-// 	ali, err := aliyun.InitEmail(ctx, interfaces.EmailConfigData{
-// 		Aliyun: &interfaces.EmialConfigDataAliyun{
-// 			AccessId:     "LTAI5tEQ8L8fmDir8udD3CFr",
-// 			AccessKey:    "llg9M1U56s2SW5PuerlKPvTB1xYhn0",
-// 			Endpoint:     "dm.aliyuncs.com",
-// 			AccountName:  "test@email.aisz.org",
-// 			ReplyAddress: "287852692@qq.com",
-// 		},
+// 	client := aliyun.New(aliyun.Config{
+// 		AccessKeyID:     "LTAI5tEQ8L8fmDir8udD3CFr",
+// 		AccessKeySecret: "llg9M1U56s2SW5PuerlKPvTB1xYhn0",
+// 		Endpoint:        "dm.aliyuncs.com",
+// 		AccountName:     "test@email.aisz.org",
+// 		ReplyAddress:    "287852692@qq.com",
 // 	})
+// 	ctx := context.Background()
+// 	list, err := client.SyncStatus(ctx)
 // 	if err != nil {
 // 		t.Fatal(err)
 // 	}
-
-// 	list, err := ali.SyncStatus(ctx)
-// 	if err != nil {
-// 		t.Fatal(err)
-// 	}
-
-// 	_ = list
-
-// 	// global.Logger.Infof(ctx, "status: %v", list)
-
 // 	t.Log("status:", list)
-
 // }
diff --git a/aws/aws.go b/aws/aws.go
index 108ebcf..97564f4 100644
--- a/aws/aws.go
+++ b/aws/aws.go
@@ -1,90 +1,137 @@
+// Package aws 提供 Amazon SES 邮件发送通道。
 package aws
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
 
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws/credentials"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws/session"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/service/ses"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/service/ses/sesiface"
 )
 
-// 不支持变更发信人（必须配置好）
+// defaultTimeout 单次 API 调用的默认超时
+const defaultTimeout = 30 * time.Second
 
+// Config AWS SES 通道配置
+type Config struct {
+	AccessKeyID     string // AccessKey ID
+	AccessKeySecret string // AccessKey Secret
+	Region          string // Region，默认 ap-northeast-1
+	Sender          string // 默认发件人（必填，AWS 需要预先验证发件地址）
+	Timeout         time.Duration // 单次 API 调用的超时，默认 30s；0 表示交给 ctx 控制
+}
+
+// Aws AWS SES 发送通道
 type Aws struct {
-	interfaces.DefaultEmail
-	// params *interfaces.EmailConfigDataAws
+	cfg Config
+
+	initOnce sync.Once
+	svc      sesiface.SESAPI
+	initErr  error
 }
 
-func NewAws() *Aws {
-	aws := &Aws{}
-	aws.Options = interfaces.DefaultOptions()
-	aws.EmailType = interfaces.EmailTypeAws
-	return aws
+// New 创建 AWS 通道
+func New(cfg Config) *Aws {
+	if cfg.Region == "" {
+		cfg.Region = "ap-northeast-1"
+	}
+	return &Aws{cfg: cfg}
 }
 
-func (l *Aws) SetOption(ctx context.Context, opt ...interfaces.Option) (interfaces.EmailInterface, error) {
+// Name 返回通道名称
+func (a *Aws) Name() string { return "aws" }
 
-	for _, o := range opt {
-		o(&l.Options)
+// Send 发送一封邮件
+func (a *Aws) Send(ctx context.Context, msg *mailx.Message) error {
+	logger := mailx.LoggerFromContext(ctx)
+
+	sender := msg.From
+	if sender == "" {
+		sender = a.cfg.Sender
+	}
+	if sender == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: aws sender is required", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Inline) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: aws SendEmail does not support inline images; use raw message mode", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig)
 	}
 
-	l.Options.Logger.Infof(ctx, "Aws:%+v", l.Options.Aws)
-	if l.Options.Aws == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("not aws")
+	svc, err := a.client()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
-	if l.Options.Aws.Region == "" {
-		l.Options.Aws.Region = "ap-northeast-1"
-	}
-
-	return l, nil
-}
-
-func (l *Aws) Send(ctx context.Context, params interfaces.Message) error {
-	if l.Options.Aws == nil {
-		return errors.New("not init")
-	}
-	// 配置AWS认证信息
-	config := aws.Config{
-		Region:      aws.String(l.Options.Aws.Region), // 设置你的AWS区域
-		Credentials: credentials.NewStaticCredentials(l.Options.Aws.AccessId, l.Options.Aws.AccessSecret, ""),
-	}
-
-	// 创建AWS会话
-	sess := session.Must(session.NewSession(&config))
-
-	// 创建SES客户端
-	svc := ses.New(sess)
-
-	toAddress := []*string{}
-	for _, val := range params.To {
-		toAddress = append(toAddress, aws.String(val))
-	}
-
-	// 使用SES服务发送邮件
-	_, err := svc.SendEmail(&ses.SendEmailInput{
+	input := &ses.SendEmailInput{
+		Source: aws.String(sender),
 		Destination: &ses.Destination{
-			ToAddresses: toAddress,
+			ToAddresses:  aws.StringSlice(msg.To),
+			CcAddresses:  aws.StringSlice(msg.Cc),
+			BccAddresses: aws.StringSlice(msg.Bcc),
 		},
 		Message: &ses.Message{
-			Body: &ses.Body{
-				Html: &ses.Content{
-					Data:    aws.String(params.Body),
-					Charset: aws.String("UTF-8"),
-				},
-			},
-			Subject: &ses.Content{
-				Data:    aws.String(params.Subject),
-				Charset: aws.String("UTF-8"),
-			},
+			Subject: &ses.Content{Data: aws.String(msg.Subject), Charset: aws.String("UTF-8")},
+			Body:    awsBody(msg),
 		},
-		Source: aws.String(l.Options.Aws.Sender),
-	})
+	}
+	if msg.ReplyTo != "" {
+		input.ReplyToAddresses = aws.StringSlice([]string{msg.ReplyTo})
+	}
 
-	// svc.SendRawEmail()
+	ctx, cancel := a.withTimeout(ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+	if _, err := svc.SendEmailWithContext(ctx, input); err != nil {
+		logger.Errorf(ctx, "mailx/aws: send to %v failed: %v", msg.To, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", mailx.ErrSendFailed, err)
+	}
+	logger.Infof(ctx, "mailx/aws: sent to %v subject=%q", msg.To, msg.Subject)
+	return nil
+}
 
-	return err
+// client 惰性初始化并复用 SES 客户端（线程安全）。
+// 若已通过测试或其他方式注入 svc，则直接返回注入的客户端。
+func (a *Aws) client() (sesiface.SESAPI, error) {
+	if a.svc != nil {
+		return a.svc, a.initErr
+	}
+	a.initOnce.Do(func() {
+		sess, err := session.NewSession(&aws.Config{
+			Region:      aws.String(a.cfg.Region),
+			Credentials: credentials.NewStaticCredentials(a.cfg.AccessKeyID, a.cfg.AccessKeySecret, ""),
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			a.initErr = fmt.Errorf("%w: create aws session: %v", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig, err)
+			return
+		}
+		a.svc = ses.New(sess)
+	})
+	return a.svc, a.initErr
+}
+
+// withTimeout 叠加配置超时到 ctx（已有更早 deadline 时保持不变）
+func (a *Aws) withTimeout(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, context.CancelFunc) {
+	if a.cfg.Timeout <= 0 {
+		return ctx, func() {}
+	}
+	if dl, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok && time.Until(dl) <= a.cfg.Timeout {
+		return ctx, func() {}
+	}
+	return context.WithTimeout(ctx, a.cfg.Timeout)
+}
+
+// awsBody 构造 SES Body：优先使用 Html，其次 Text；两者都有时同时提供
+func awsBody(msg *mailx.Message) *ses.Body {
+	body := &ses.Body{}
+	if msg.Body != "" {
+		body.Html = &ses.Content{Data: aws.String(msg.Body), Charset: aws.String("UTF-8")}
+	}
+	if msg.TextBody != "" {
+		body.Text = &ses.Content{Data: aws.String(msg.TextBody), Charset: aws.String("UTF-8")}
+	}
+	return body
 }
diff --git a/aws/aws_internal_test.go b/aws/aws_internal_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87bdd56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/aws/aws_internal_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package aws
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+var _ mailx.Sender = (*Aws)(nil)
+
+func TestConfigDefaults(t *testing.T) {
+	a := New(Config{})
+	if a.cfg.Region != "ap-northeast-1" {
+		t.Errorf("default region = %q, want ap-northeast-1", a.cfg.Region)
+	}
+	// 显式指定 Region 时不应被覆盖
+	a = New(Config{Region: "us-east-1"})
+	if a.cfg.Region != "us-east-1" {
+		t.Errorf("explicit region overwritten: %q", a.cfg.Region)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestName(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := New(Config{}).Name(); got != "aws" {
+		t.Errorf("Name() = %q, want aws", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendWithoutSender(t *testing.T) {
+	// 缺少 Sender 时应立即报错，不创建 AWS 会话
+	a := New(Config{})
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("a@b.com").
+		Subject("s").
+		Build())
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Send without sender should error")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/aws/aws_mock_test.go b/aws/aws_mock_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0c4e4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/aws/aws_mock_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+package aws
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws/request"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/service/ses"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/service/ses/sesiface"
+)
+
+// mockSES 通过嵌入 sesiface.SESAPI 实现 mock，仅覆盖 SendEmailWithContext
+type mockSES struct {
+	sesiface.SESAPI
+	sendErr error
+	lastIn  *ses.SendEmailInput
+	lastCtx context.Context
+}
+
+func (m *mockSES) SendEmailWithContext(ctx aws.Context, input *ses.SendEmailInput, _ ...request.Option) (*ses.SendEmailOutput, error) {
+	m.lastCtx = ctx
+	m.lastIn = input
+	if m.sendErr != nil {
+		return nil, m.sendErr
+	}
+	return &ses.SendEmailOutput{MessageId: aws.String("mock-id")}, nil
+}
+
+// TestSendSuccess 验证完整发送流程与输入构造
+func TestSendSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSES{}
+	a := &Aws{cfg: Config{Sender: "noreply@example.com"}, svc: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("a@example.com", "b@example.com").
+		Cc("cc@example.com").
+		Bcc("bcc@example.com").
+		Subject("hi").
+		Text("plain").
+		HTML("<b>html</b>").
+		ReplyTo("reply@example.com").
+		Build()
+
+	if err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	in := mock.lastIn
+	if in == nil {
+		t.Fatal("no input captured")
+	}
+	if *in.Source != "noreply@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Source = %q", *in.Source)
+	}
+	if len(in.Destination.ToAddresses) != 2 || len(in.Destination.CcAddresses) != 1 || len(in.Destination.BccAddresses) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("dest addresses wrong: %+v", in.Destination)
+	}
+	if len(in.ReplyToAddresses) != 1 || *in.ReplyToAddresses[0] != "reply@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("ReplyTo = %+v", in.ReplyToAddresses)
+	}
+	if in.Message.Body.Html == nil || in.Message.Body.Text == nil {
+		t.Errorf("body should have both html and text: %+v", in.Message.Body)
+	}
+	if *in.Message.Subject.Charset != "UTF-8" {
+		t.Errorf("subject charset = %q", *in.Message.Subject.Charset)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendFromFallback 验证 msg.From 为空时回退 cfg.Sender
+func TestSendFromFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSES{}
+	a := &Aws{cfg: Config{Sender: "cfg-sender@example.com"}, svc: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	if err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if *mock.lastIn.Source != "cfg-sender@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Source = %q, want cfg-sender", *mock.lastIn.Source)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendFail 验证发送失败包装为 ErrSendFailed
+func TestSendFail(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSES{sendErr: errors.New("aws down")}
+	a := &Aws{cfg: Config{Sender: "s@example.com"}, svc: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSendFailed) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrSendFailed", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendNoSender 验证缺少 Sender 时报错且不调用 SDK
+func TestSendNoSender(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSES{}
+	a := &Aws{cfg: Config{}, svc: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrInvalidConfig", err)
+	}
+	if mock.lastIn != nil {
+		t.Error("SDK should not be called")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendInlineError 验证内嵌图片返回明确错误
+func TestSendInlineError(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSES{}
+	a := &Aws{cfg: Config{Sender: "s@example.com"}, svc: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").
+		InlineImageBytes("cid1", "a.png", []byte{1}).
+		Build()
+	err := a.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrInvalidConfig", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestAwsBody 验证 awsBody 各分支
+func TestAwsBody(t *testing.T) {
+	// 仅 HTML
+	b := awsBody(&mailx.Message{Body: "<b>hi</b>"})
+	if b.Html == nil || b.Text != nil {
+		t.Errorf("html only: %+v", b)
+	}
+	// 仅 Text
+	b = awsBody(&mailx.Message{TextBody: "plain"})
+	if b.Html != nil || b.Text == nil {
+		t.Errorf("text only: %+v", b)
+	}
+	// 两者都有
+	b = awsBody(&mailx.Message{Body: "<b>hi</b>", TextBody: "plain"})
+	if b.Html == nil || b.Text == nil {
+		t.Errorf("both: %+v", b)
+	}
+	// 都没有
+	b = awsBody(&mailx.Message{})
+	if b.Html != nil || b.Text != nil {
+		t.Errorf("neither: %+v", b)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestWithTimeout 验证超时叠加逻辑
+func TestWithTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	// 未配置 Timeout：原样返回
+	a := &Aws{cfg: Config{}}
+	c, cancel := a.withTimeout(ctx)
+	if c != ctx {
+		t.Error("no timeout should return original ctx")
+	}
+	cancel()
+
+	// 配置了 Timeout：返回带 deadline 的 ctx
+	a = &Aws{cfg: Config{Timeout: time.Second}}
+	c, cancel = a.withTimeout(ctx)
+	if c == ctx {
+		t.Error("with timeout should return new ctx")
+	}
+	if _, ok := c.Deadline(); !ok {
+		t.Error("new ctx should have deadline")
+	}
+	cancel()
+
+	// ctx 已有更早 deadline：保持原 ctx
+	early, ecancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Millisecond)
+	defer ecancel()
+	c, cancel = a.withTimeout(early)
+	if c != early {
+		t.Error("earlier deadline should keep original ctx")
+	}
+	cancel()
+}
diff --git a/aws/aws_test.go b/aws/aws_test.go
index d6300ee..3189eee 100644
--- a/aws/aws_test.go
+++ b/aws/aws_test.go
@@ -4,43 +4,30 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"testing"
 
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aws"
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
 )
 
 // https://ap-northeast-1.console.aws.amazon.com/ses/home?region=ap-northeast-1#/identities
 
 func TestSend(t *testing.T) {
-	// email:
-	// #区域
-	// AwsRegion: "ap-northeast-1"
-	// #秘钥ID
-	// AwsAccessKeyId: "AKIAU6GD3MNRHKR4RZG5"
-	// #秘钥
-	// AwsSecretAccessKey: "GSdGuFbZlcpVHMODlqeIKr07R/BdTBGeurq0s+4l"
-	// #发件人
-	// Source: "chenlihan@dreaminglife.cn"
-
-	a := aws.NewAws()
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skip real send in short mode")
+	}
+	client := aws.New(aws.Config{
+		AccessKeyID:     "AKIAU6GD3MNRHKR4RZG5",
+		AccessKeySecret: "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",
+		Region:          "ap-northeast-1",
+		Sender:          "chenlihan@dreaminglife.cn",
+	})
 
 	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	ini, err := a.SetOption(ctx, interfaces.SetAws(&interfaces.EmailConfigDataAws{
-		AccessId:     "AKIAU6GD3MNRHKR4RZG5",
-		AccessSecret: "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",
-		Region:       "ap-northeast-1",
-		Sender:       "chenlihan@dreaminglife.cn",
-	}))
-
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	err = ini.Send(ctx, interfaces.Message{
-		Form:    "chenlihan@dreaminglife.cn",
-		To:      []string{"huangxinyun@dreaminglife.cn"},
-		Body:    "Hello",
-		Subject: "主题",
-	})
+	err := client.Send(ctx, mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("chenlihan@dreaminglife.cn").
+		To("huangxinyun@dreaminglife.cn").
+		Subject("主题").
+		Body("Hello").
+		Build())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
diff --git a/cmd/main.go b/cmd/main.go
index 4983197..deac27f 100644
--- a/cmd/main.go
+++ b/cmd/main.go
@@ -1,42 +1,99 @@
+// 使用示例：展示 mailx 的三种典型用法
 package main
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
 
 	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aliyun"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aws"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/mailgun"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp"
 )
 
 func main() {
-
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
-	ch := mailx.Platform
-
-	em, err := ch.GetEmail(interfaces.EmailTypeSmtp)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	// 使用em进行后续操作
-	em,err = em.SetOption(ctx, interfaces.SetSmtp(&interfaces.EmailConfigDataSmtp{
-		Username: "support@email.blueoceanpay.com",
-		Password: "SupporT2017",
-		ReplyTo:  "",
+	// ===== 方式一：单个通道直接发送 =====
+	// 465 端口走 SSL，587/25 走 STARTTLS；也可显式指定 Encryption
+	err := smtp.New(smtp.Config{
 		Host:     "smtpdm-ap-southeast-1.aliyun.com",
-		Port:     "80",
+		Port:     80,
+		User:     "support@email.blueoceanpay.com",
+		Password: "SupporT2017",
+		From:     "yun@blueoceanpay.com",
+	}).Send(ctx, mailx.NewMessage().
+		From(`"蓝海支付" <yun@blueoceanpay.com>`). // 发件人可带显示名
+		To("995116474@qq.com").
+		Subject("Test Email").
+		Text("纯文本正文").
+		HTML(`<h1>Hello</h1><p>This is a test email.</p><img src="cid:logo1">`).
+		InlineImage("logo1", "assets/logo.png"). // 内嵌图片
+		Build())
+	fmt.Println("smtp send:", err)
+
+	// ===== 方式二：多通道管理器，发送时切换通道 =====
+	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = mgr.Register(smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.qq.com", Port: 587, User: "from@qq.com", Password: "auth-code",
 	}))
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
+	_ = mgr.Register(aliyun.New(aliyun.Config{
+		AccessKeyID: "your-access-key-id", AccessKeySecret: "your-access-key-secret",
+		AccountName: "noreply@example.com",
+	}))
+	_ = mgr.Register(aws.New(aws.Config{
+		AccessKeyID: "your-ak", AccessKeySecret: "your-sk", Region: "ap-northeast-1",
+		Sender: "noreply@example.com",
+	}))
+	_ = mgr.Register(mailgun.New(mailgun.Config{
+		APIKey: "your-api-key", Domain: "mg.example.com", Sender: "noreply@example.com",
+	}))
+
+	// 同一通道类型（smtp）注册多份不同配置，用实例名区分
+	_ = mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.qq.com", Port: 465, User: "a@qq.com", Password: "code-main",
+	}))
+	_ = mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-backup", smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.163.com", Port: 465, User: "a@163.com", Password: "code-backup",
+	}))
+
+	_ = mgr.SetDefault("aliyun")
+
+	// 遍历当前已注册的通道实例信息（实例名 + 类型）
+	for _, info := range mgr.Senders() {
+		log.Printf("registered sender: instance=%s type=%s", info.Name, info.Type)
+	}
+	log.Println("default:", mgr.Default())
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("noreply@example.com").
+		To("user@example.com").
+		Subject("Hello").
+		Text("hello").
+		HTML("<h1>Hello</h1>").
+		Build()
+
+	if err := mgr.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil { // 默认通道
+		log.Println("default send:", err)
+	}
+	if err := mgr.SendWith(ctx, "aws", msg); err != nil { // 按名称指定通道
+		log.Println("aws send:", err)
 	}
 
-	err = em.Send(ctx, interfaces.Message{
-		Form: "yun@blueoceanpay.com",
-		To: []string{"995116474@qq.com"},
-		Subject: "Test Email",
-		Body: "Hello, this is a test email.",
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
+	// ===== 方式三：发送时临时指定配置（无需提前注册） =====
+	if err := mgr.SendBy(ctx, mailgun.New(mailgun.Config{
+		APIKey: "another-key", Domain: "mg2.example.com", Sender: "noreply@example.com",
+	}), msg); err != nil {
+		log.Println("mailgun send:", err)
 	}
 
+	// ===== 错误类型判断 =====
+	if err := mgr.SendWith(ctx, "no-such-channel", msg); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSenderNotFound) {
+			log.Println("channel not found, will retry with another channel")
+		}
+	}
 }
diff --git a/errors.go b/errors.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fd54c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/errors.go
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package mailx
+
+import "errors"
+
+// 包级哨兵错误，供调用方使用 errors.Is / errors.As 精确判断失败原因。
+var (
+	// ErrSenderNotFound 通道未注册时返回
+	ErrSenderNotFound = errors.New("mailx: sender not found")
+	// ErrInvalidConfig 通道配置缺失/非法时返回
+	ErrInvalidConfig = errors.New("mailx: invalid configuration")
+	// ErrInvalidMessage 消息校验未通过时返回
+	ErrInvalidMessage = errors.New("mailx: invalid message")
+	// ErrSendFailed 发送过程中通道返回错误时返回（可继续用 %w 链式展开底层原因）
+	ErrSendFailed = errors.New("mailx: send failed")
+)
diff --git a/example_test.go b/example_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bfb644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package mailx_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+func ExampleNewMessage() {
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("noreply@example.com").
+		To("user@example.com").
+		Cc("cc@example.com").
+		Subject("Hello").
+		HTML("<h1>Hello</h1>").
+		ReplyTo("support@example.com").
+		AttachBytes("report.txt", []byte("data")).
+		Build()
+
+	fmt.Println(msg.From, msg.To[0], msg.Subject, len(msg.Attachments))
+	// Output: noreply@example.com user@example.com Hello 1
+}
+
+func ExampleManager_Send() {
+	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = mgr.Register(newMockSender("mock"))
+
+	err := mgr.Send(context.Background(), mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("user@example.com").
+		Subject("Hello").
+		Build())
+	fmt.Println("send err:", err)
+	// Output: send err: <nil>
+}
+
+func ExampleManager_SendWith() {
+	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = mgr.Register(newMockSender("smtp"))
+	_ = mgr.Register(newMockSender("aliyun"))
+	_ = mgr.SetDefault("smtp")
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("user@example.com").Subject("Hi").Build()
+
+	_ = mgr.Send(ctx, msg) // 默认通道 smtp
+	err := mgr.SendWith(ctx, "aliyun", msg)
+	fmt.Println("send with aliyun err:", err)
+	// Output: send with aliyun err: <nil>
+}
+
+func ExampleManager_SendBy() {
+	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+
+	// 无需注册，发送时临时指定通道
+	err := mgr.SendBy(context.Background(), newMockSender("temp"), mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("user@example.com").
+		Subject("Hi").
+		Build())
+	fmt.Println("send by err:", err)
+	// Output: send by err: <nil>
+}
+
+func ExampleMessage_Validate() {
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().Subject("no recipients").Build()
+	err := msg.Validate()
+	fmt.Println(errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidMessage))
+	fmt.Println(err)
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// mailx: invalid message: requires at least one recipient
+}
diff --git a/examples/README.md b/examples/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..736845f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# mailx 使用示例
+
+本目录包含多个由浅入深的示例，方便快速接入。
+
+## 示例总览
+
+| 示例 | 难度 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [`quickstart`](./quickstart) | 入门 | 最简 SMTP 发送，逐行注释，适合第一次接触 |
+| [`basic`](./basic) | 入门 | 单通道直接发送，含附件/抄送/回复地址 |
+| [`manager`](./manager) | 入门 | 多通道管理器：注册、路由、默认通道、临时指定配置 |
+| [`with_env`](./with_env) | 进阶 | 用环境变量管理多通道凭据，避免密钥写死在代码里 |
+| [`advanced`](./advanced) | 进阶 | 主备切换、实例遍历、日志注入、超时、内嵌图片、错误分类 |
+| [`custom_sender`](./custom_sender) | 进阶 | 实现自定义通道 + 自定义 Logger |
+
+## 快速开始（5 分钟）
+
+```bash
+# 1. 进入最简示例
+cd examples/quickstart
+
+# 2. 打开 main.go，把里面的 4 个 SMTP 配置改成你自己的
+#    （QQ 邮箱需先开启 SMTP 服务并获取授权码）
+
+# 3. 运行
+go run main.go
+```
+
+看到 `send success` 即表示发送成功。
+
+## 运行方式
+
+所有示例都在 mailx 主模块内，直接在示例目录执行 `go run .` 即可：
+
+```bash
+# 示例：运行多通道管理器示例
+cd examples/manager
+go run .
+
+# 示例：运行环境变量示例（先配置好 .env）
+cd examples/with_env
+go run .
+```
+
+## 注意事项
+
+1. **凭据**：所有示例中的密钥都是占位符，运行前必须替换为真实值
+2. **SMTP 授权码**：QQ/163 等邮箱不是用邮箱登录密码，而是需要在邮箱后台开启 SMTP 服务后生成的授权码
+3. **AWS/阿里云**：需要先完成服务开通、域名验证（发件地址需为已验证身份）
+4. **`.env`**：`with_env` 示例依赖 `github.com/joho/godotenv`，首次运行前执行 `go get github.com/joho/godotenv`；`with_env/.env` 含敏感信息，勿提交 git
diff --git a/examples/advanced/main.go b/examples/advanced/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3281b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/advanced/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// advanced 展示生产环境常用的一些进阶能力。
+//
+// 覆盖以下内容：
+//   1. 同一通道类型（smtp）注册多份不同配置（主备切换）
+//   2. 遍历当前注册的通道实例信息
+//   3. 注入自定义 Logger（日志可插拔）
+//   4. 设置通道超时，防止发送阻塞
+//   5. 内嵌图片 + HTML 邮件
+//   6. 用 FromMap 从 map 快捷构建消息
+//   7. 按错误类型精确处理（errors.Is）
+//
+// 怎么运行：设置好下方配置后执行：go run main.go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"time"
+
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp"
+)
+
+// appLogger 一个简单的 Logger 实现（也可接入 zap/logrus）。
+// 生产环境建议实现 Debugf/Infof/Warnf/Errorf 四个方法，用于观测发送过程。
+type appLogger struct{}
+
+func (appLogger) Debugf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[debug] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (appLogger) Infof(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[info] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (appLogger) Warnf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[warn] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (appLogger) Errorf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[error] "+format, args...)
+}
+
+func main() {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+	mgr.SetLogger(appLogger{}) // 注入全局 Logger
+
+	// ===== 1. 同一通道类型注册多份配置（主备切换） =====
+	_ = mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.qq.com", Port: 465, User: "a@qq.com", Password: "main-code",
+		Timeout: 10 * time.Second, // ===== 4. 通道超时，防止发送阻塞 =====
+	}))
+	_ = mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-backup", smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.163.com", Port: 465, User: "a@163.com", Password: "backup-code",
+		Timeout: 10 * time.Second,
+	}))
+	_ = mgr.SetDefault("smtp-main") // 默认用主通道
+
+	// ===== 2. 遍历当前注册的通道实例信息 =====
+	for _, info := range mgr.Senders() {
+		fmt.Printf("sender instance: name=%s type=%s\n", info.Name, info.Type)
+	}
+
+	// ===== 5. 内嵌图片 + HTML 邮件 =====
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From(`"通知中心" <a@qq.com>`). // 发件人带显示名
+		To("user@example.com").
+		Subject("生产环境告警").
+		Text("这是一封告警邮件，请及时处理。").
+		HTML(`<h2>磁盘使用率超过 90%</h2><img src="cid:chart1">`).
+		InlineImageBytes("chart1", "chart.png", []byte{0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47}). // 内嵌图片，cid:chart1 对应
+		Header("X-Mailer", "mailx").                                     // 自定义邮件头
+		Header("List-Unsubscribe", "<https://example.com/unsub>").       // 退订头（营销邮件合规）
+		Build()
+
+	// ===== 3. 用默认通道发送（自动注入 Logger） =====
+	if err := mgr.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("main send failed:", err)
+	}
+
+	// ===== 7. 错误类型精确处理：主通道失败自动切换备通道 =====
+	err := mgr.SendWith(ctx, "smtp-main", msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		// 发送失败（如网络/认证）属于 ErrSendFailed，而非配置/消息问题
+		if errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSendFailed) {
+			fmt.Println("main failed, switching to backup:", err)
+			if err2 := mgr.SendWith(ctx, "smtp-backup", msg); err2 != nil {
+				fmt.Println("backup send failed:", err2)
+				return
+			}
+		} else if errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidMessage) {
+			fmt.Println("message invalid:", err) // 消息本身有问题，重试无意义
+			return
+		} else {
+			fmt.Println("send error:", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ===== 6. 用 FromMap 从 map 快捷构建消息（适合接入 HTTP 请求体） =====
+	m, err := mailx.FromMap(map[string]any{
+		"from":    "a@qq.com",
+		"to":      "user@example.com, admin@example.com",
+		"subject": "welcome",
+		"text":    "hi",
+		"html":    "<b>welcome</b>",
+	})
+	if err == nil {
+		_ = mgr.Send(ctx, m)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/examples/basic/main.go b/examples/basic/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d5b351
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/basic/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// basic 展示单个通道直接发送的完整用法。
+//
+// 功能：用 SMTP 发送一封含 HTML 正文、抄送、附件、内嵌图片的邮件。
+//
+// 怎么运行：
+//   1. 把下方 smtp.Config 的 4 个配置改成你自己的
+//   2. 在项目根目录执行：go run ./examples/basic
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	// ===== 第 1 步：创建 SMTP 通道 =====
+	client := smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host:     "smtp.qq.com",       // SMTP 服务器地址
+		Port:     587,                 // 端口：465=SSL，587/25=STARTTLS
+		User:     "sender@qq.com",     // 账号
+		Password: "your-auth-code",    // 授权码（非邮箱密码）
+		From:     "sender@qq.com",     // 默认发件人（可选，Message.From 未设置时使用）
+		ReplyTo:  "sender@qq.com",     // 默认回复地址（可选）
+	})
+
+	// ===== 第 2 步：构建消息 =====
+	// 地址都可带显示名，如 "张三" <a@qq.com>；收件人/抄送/密送可传多个
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From(`"客服中心" <sender@qq.com>`). // 发件人（带显示名）
+		To("receiver@example.com").         // 收件人
+		Cc("manager@example.com").          // 抄送（可选）
+		Bcc("leader@example.com").          // 密送（可选）
+		Subject("hello from mailx").
+		Text("如果邮件客户端不支持 HTML，会显示这段纯文本。"). // 纯文本正文（推荐）
+		HTML(`<h1>Hello</h1><p>This email is sent by mailx.</p><img src="cid:logo1">`).
+		ReplyTo("support@example.com"). // 回复地址（可选，覆盖 Config.ReplyTo）
+		Attach("report.txt").           // 按路径添加附件（路径需真实存在）
+		AttachBytes("summary.txt", []byte("summary content")). // 内存附件
+		InlineImageBytes("logo1", "logo.png", mustPNG()).      // 内嵌图片（HTML 中 src="cid:logo1"）
+		Build()
+
+	// ===== 第 3 步：发送 =====
+	if err := client.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("send failed:", err)
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Println("send success")
+}
+
+// mustPNG 返回一个极小的 1x1 PNG（1 像素透明图）用于演示内嵌图片。
+// 实际使用中请替换为真实的图片文件路径或字节内容。
+func mustPNG() []byte {
+	// 一个合法的 1x1 透明 PNG
+	return []byte{
+		0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x0a, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0d,
+		0x49, 0x48, 0x44, 0x52, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0x08, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x15, 0xc4, 0x89, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x0d, 0x49, 0x44, 0x41, 0x54, 0x78, 0x9c, 0x63, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x05, 0x00, 0x01, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x2d, 0xb4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x49,
+		0x45, 0x4e, 0x44, 0xae, 0x42, 0x60, 0x82,
+	}
+}
diff --git a/examples/custom_sender/main.go b/examples/custom_sender/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6179977
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/custom_sender/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+// custom_sender 展示如何接入一个全新的发送通道（自定义 Sender）。
+//
+// 适用场景：公司内部自研邮件网关、短信通道、钉钉/飞书通知等，
+// 只需实现 mailx.Sender 接口（Name + Send），即可复用 Manager 的
+// 注册路由、默认通道、日志注入、消息校验等全部能力。
+//
+// 怎么运行：在项目根目录执行：go run ./examples/custom_sender
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+// printSender 自定义通道：仅把消息打印到控制台，不真正发送。
+// 只需实现 Sender 接口的两个方法：Name() 和 Send()。
+type printSender struct {
+	name string // 通道类型名
+}
+
+func newPrintSender(name string) *printSender { return &printSender{name: name} }
+
+// Name 返回通道类型名（如 "print"），用于 Manager 注册与路由
+func (p *printSender) Name() string { return p.name }
+
+// Send 实现发送逻辑。ctx 里可通过 mailx.LoggerFromContext 拿到注入的日志器。
+func (p *printSender) Send(ctx context.Context, msg *mailx.Message) error {
+	logger := mailx.LoggerFromContext(ctx) // 读取 Manager 注入的 Logger（可选）
+	logger.Infof(ctx, "printSender Send called")
+	fmt.Printf("[%s] to=%v cc=%v subject=%q text=%q html=%q\n",
+		p.name, msg.To, msg.Cc, msg.Subject, msg.TextBody, msg.Body)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// appLogger 实现 mailx.Logger 接口（4 个方法）。
+// 生产中可改用 zap / logrus / slog 等，只需实现同样 4 个方法即可接入。
+type appLogger struct{}
+
+func (appLogger) Debugf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[debug] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (appLogger) Infof(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[info] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (appLogger) Warnf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[warn] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (appLogger) Errorf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[error] "+format, args...)
+}
+
+func main() {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+	mgr.SetLogger(appLogger{}) // 注入 Logger，自定义通道内可读取
+
+	// 注册自定义通道
+	_ = mgr.Register(newPrintSender("print"))
+
+	// 同一自定义类型也可注册多份实例（不同配置）
+	_ = mgr.RegisterNamed("print-debug", newPrintSender("print"))
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("user@example.com").
+		Subject("hello").
+		Text("from custom sender").
+		HTML("<b>from custom sender</b>").
+		Build()
+
+	// 通过 Manager 统一发送
+	if err := mgr.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("send failed:", err)
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Println("send ok")
+}
diff --git a/examples/manager/main.go b/examples/manager/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..804ae2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/manager/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+// manager 展示多通道管理器的完整用法。
+//
+// 功能：
+//   1. 注册多个不同类型的通道（smtp/aliyun/aws），统一路由
+//   2. 同一类型注册多份配置（主备 SMTP 切换）
+//   3. 发送时按实例名指定通道，或发送时临时指定配置
+//   4. 遍历当前注册的通道实例信息
+//
+// 怎么运行：
+//   1. 替换下方各通道的凭据为真实值
+//   2. 在项目根目录执行：go run ./examples/manager
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aliyun"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aws"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+
+	// ===== 注册多个不同类型的通道 =====
+	// 用 Register 注册时，实例名 = 通道类型名（smtp / aliyun / aws / mailgun）
+	_ = mgr.Register(smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.qq.com", Port: 587, User: "a@qq.com", Password: "code",
+	}))
+	_ = mgr.Register(aliyun.New(aliyun.Config{
+		AccessKeyID: "ak", AccessKeySecret: "sk", AccountName: "noreply@example.com",
+	}))
+	_ = mgr.Register(aws.New(aws.Config{
+		AccessKeyID: "ak", AccessKeySecret: "sk", Region: "ap-northeast-1",
+		Sender: "noreply@example.com",
+	}))
+
+	// ===== 同一类型注册多份配置（主备切换） =====
+	// 用 RegisterNamed 指定实例名，可注册多个 smtp 实例
+	_ = mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.qq.com", Port: 465, User: "a@qq.com", Password: "main-code",
+	}))
+	_ = mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-backup", smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.163.com", Port: 465, User: "a@163.com", Password: "backup-code",
+	}))
+
+	// ===== 设置默认通道（不设置则用第一个注册的） =====
+	_ = mgr.SetDefault("aliyun")
+
+	// ===== 遍历当前注册的通道实例信息 =====
+	fmt.Println("registered instances:")
+	for _, info := range mgr.Senders() {
+		fmt.Printf("  - %s (type: %s)\n", info.Name, info.Type)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("default:", mgr.Default())
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("noreply@example.com").
+		To("user@example.com").
+		Subject("Notice").
+		Text("hello").
+		HTML("<h1>Hello</h1>").
+		Build()
+
+	// ===== 用默认通道发送 =====
+	if err := mgr.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("default send:", err)
+	}
+
+	// ===== 按实例名指定通道发送 =====
+	if err := mgr.SendWith(ctx, "aws", msg); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("aws send:", err)
+	}
+	if err := mgr.SendWith(ctx, "smtp-backup", msg); err != nil { // 主 SMTP 失败时可切备用
+		fmt.Println("smtp-backup send:", err)
+	}
+
+	// ===== 发送时临时指定配置，无需提前注册 =====
+	if err := mgr.SendBy(ctx, smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host: "smtp.163.com", Port: 465, User: "b@163.com", Password: "code",
+	}), msg); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("temp smtp send:", err)
+	}
+
+	// ===== 注销一个实例（可选） =====
+	mgr.Unregister("smtp-main")
+	fmt.Println("after unregister, instances:", mgr.Names())
+}
diff --git a/examples/quickstart/main.go b/examples/quickstart/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e65f5d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/quickstart/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// quickstart 是最简单的 mailx 入门示例。
+//
+// 功能：用 QQ 邮箱 SMTP 发送一封纯文本邮件。
+//
+// 怎么运行：
+//   1. 在 QQ 邮箱「设置 -> 账户」中开启 SMTP，获取授权码（不是 QQ 密码）
+//   2. 把下方 main.go 里的 4 个配置改成你自己的
+//   3. 在本目录执行：go run main.go
+//
+// 参考：https://mail.qq.com 开启 SMTP 服务的授权码获取方法
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"   // mailx 核心包：消息构建 + Sender 接口
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp" // smtp 通道：基于 SMTP 协议发送
+)
+
+func main() {
+	// context 用于控制发送的超时与取消，先创建空背景 context
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	// ===== 第 1 步：创建发送通道 =====
+	// smtp.New 接收一个 smtp.Config 配置，返回一个发送通道实例
+	client := smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host:     "smtp.qq.com",   // SMTP 服务器地址
+		Port:     587,             // 端口：465 走 SSL，587 走 STARTTLS
+		User:     "sender@qq.com", // 你的 QQ 邮箱地址
+		Password: "your-auth-code", // 授权码（QQ 邮箱后台开启 SMTP 后获取）
+		// From: "sender@qq.com",  // 可选：默认发件人，不填则用上面的 User
+	})
+
+	// ===== 第 2 步：构建邮件消息 =====
+	// 使用链式调用（builder 模式），一行一个字段，最后 Build() 生成消息
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("sender@qq.com").          // 发件人（可带显示名，如 "张三" <a@qq.com>）
+		To("receiver@example.com").     // 收件人，可传多个：To("a@x.com", "b@x.com")
+		Subject("hello from mailx").    // 邮件主题
+		Text("This is a plain text email."). // 纯文本正文
+		Build()                          // 生成 *Message
+
+	// ===== 第 3 步：发送 =====
+	// 传入 ctx 和消息，返回 error（nil 表示成功）
+	if err := client.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("send failed:", err)
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Println("send success")
+}
diff --git a/examples/with_env/.env.example b/examples/with_env/.env.example
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c37793e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/with_env/.env.example
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# 复制本文件为 .env 并填入你自己的真实凭据
+# 注意：.env 包含敏感信息，不要提交到 git（已在 .gitignore 中忽略）
+
+# ===== 收件人（必填） =====
+TO_ADDR=receiver@example.com
+# 发件人兜底地址（选填）
+FROM_ADDR=sender@example.com
+
+# ===== SMTP 通道（选填，配置后即启用） =====
+SMTP_HOST=smtp.qq.com
+SMTP_PORT=587
+SMTP_USER=sender@qq.com
+SMTP_PASSWORD=your-auth-code
+SMTP_FROM=sender@qq.com
+
+# ===== 阿里云邮件推送（选填） =====
+ALIYUN_ACCESS_KEY_ID=your-access-key-id
+ALIYUN_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET=your-access-key-secret
+ALIYUN_ACCOUNT_NAME=noreply@example.com
+# ALIYUN_ENDPOINT=dm.aliyuncs.com
+
+# ===== AWS SES（选填） =====
+AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=your-aws-ak
+AWS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET=your-aws-sk
+AWS_REGION=ap-northeast-1
+AWS_SENDER=noreply@example.com
+
+# ===== Mailgun（选填） =====
+MAILGUN_API_KEY=your-api-key
+MAILGUN_DOMAIN=mg.example.com
+MAILGUN_SENDER=noreply@example.com
diff --git a/examples/with_env/main.go b/examples/with_env/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6f858f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/with_env/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+// with_env 展示如何通过环境变量管理通道凭据（避免把密钥写死在代码里）。
+//
+// 适用场景：已有多个通道的凭据（SMTP / 阿里云 / AWS SES / Mailgun），
+// 希望在程序启动时从环境变量读取配置，注册到 Manager 统一管理。
+//
+// 怎么运行：
+//   1. 复制 .env.example 为 .env（或直接设置下方环境变量）
+//   2. 安装 dotenv 依赖：go get github.com/joho/godotenv
+//   3. 设置好至少一个通道的凭据后执行：go run main.go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aliyun"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aws"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/mailgun"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp"
+
+	"github.com/joho/godotenv" // 读取 .env 文件（可选）
+)
+
+// buildSenders 从环境变量读取凭据，返回已配置好的通道列表。
+// 只返回凭据齐全的通道，未配置的通道直接跳过，方便按需启用。
+func buildSenders() []mailx.Sender {
+	var senders []mailx.Sender
+
+	// --- SMTP ---
+	if os.Getenv("SMTP_HOST") != "" {
+		senders = append(senders, smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+			Host:     os.Getenv("SMTP_HOST"),
+			Port:     atoi(os.Getenv("SMTP_PORT"), 465),
+			User:     os.Getenv("SMTP_USER"),
+			Password: os.Getenv("SMTP_PASSWORD"),
+			From:     os.Getenv("SMTP_FROM"),
+		}))
+	}
+
+	// --- 阿里云邮件推送 ---
+	if os.Getenv("ALIYUN_ACCESS_KEY_ID") != "" {
+		senders = append(senders, aliyun.New(aliyun.Config{
+			AccessKeyID:     os.Getenv("ALIYUN_ACCESS_KEY_ID"),
+			AccessKeySecret: os.Getenv("ALIYUN_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET"),
+			AccountName:     os.Getenv("ALIYUN_ACCOUNT_NAME"),
+			Endpoint:        os.Getenv("ALIYUN_ENDPOINT"), // 可选，默认 dm.aliyuncs.com
+		}))
+	}
+
+	// --- AWS SES ---
+	if os.Getenv("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID") != "" {
+		senders = append(senders, aws.New(aws.Config{
+			AccessKeyID:     os.Getenv("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID"),
+			AccessKeySecret: os.Getenv("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET"),
+			Region:          os.Getenv("AWS_REGION"),
+			Sender:          os.Getenv("AWS_SENDER"),
+		}))
+	}
+
+	// --- Mailgun ---
+	if os.Getenv("MAILGUN_API_KEY") != "" {
+		senders = append(senders, mailgun.New(mailgun.Config{
+			APIKey: os.Getenv("MAILGUN_API_KEY"),
+			Domain: os.Getenv("MAILGUN_DOMAIN"),
+			Sender: os.Getenv("MAILGUN_SENDER"),
+		}))
+	}
+
+	return senders
+}
+
+func main() {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	// 可选：加载 .env 文件（没有 .env 时静默忽略，改用系统环境变量）
+	_ = godotenv.Load()
+
+	senders := buildSenders()
+	if len(senders) == 0 {
+		log.Fatal("no channel configured, please set env vars (see .env.example)")
+	}
+
+	// 注册到 Manager，第一个注册的成为默认通道
+	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+	for _, s := range senders {
+		if err := mgr.Register(s); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("register %s: %v", s.Name(), err)
+		}
+	}
+	log.Printf("registered channels: %v (default: %s)", mgr.Names(), mgr.Default())
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From(firstNonEmpty(os.Getenv("FROM_ADDR"), os.Getenv("SMTP_FROM"), os.Getenv("AWS_SENDER"), os.Getenv("MAILGUN_SENDER"))).
+		To(os.Getenv("TO_ADDR")).
+		Subject("hello from mailx (env config)").
+		Text("This email is sent using env-var configured channel.").
+		Build()
+
+	// 用默认通道发送
+	if err := mgr.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("send failed:", err)
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Println("send success")
+}
+
+// atoi 解析端口，失败时返回默认值
+func atoi(s string, def int) int {
+	n := 0
+	if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(s, "%d", &n); err != nil || n <= 0 {
+		return def
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// firstNonEmpty 返回第一个非空字符串
+func firstNonEmpty(vals ...string) string {
+	for _, v := range vals {
+		if v != "" {
+			return v
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
diff --git a/from.go b/from.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c0c1b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/from.go
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+package mailx
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// FromBytes 从 JSON 字节构建消息（便捷入口，用于接入配置/存储）。
+func FromBytes(data []byte) (*Message, error) {
+	var m Message
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &m); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx: unmarshal message: %w", err)
+	}
+	return &m, nil
+}
+
+// FromMap 从 map 构建消息，常用字段自动映射：
+//   - from / to / cc / bcc / subject / text / html / body / replyto / reply_to
+//   - to/cc/bcc 可为 []string、[]any 或 "a@x.com,b@y.com" 分隔串
+//   - attachments: []map{name,path,data} 或 []string(path)
+func FromMap(m map[string]any) (*Message, error) {
+	if m == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: map is nil", ErrInvalidConfig)
+	}
+	msg := &Message{}
+	var err error
+
+	str := func(keys ...string) string {
+		for _, k := range keys {
+			if v, ok := m[k].(string); ok {
+				return v
+			}
+		}
+		return ""
+	}
+	msg.From = str("from")
+	msg.Subject = str("subject")
+	msg.TextBody = firstNonEmptyStr(str("text"), str("textbody"), str("text_body"))
+	msg.Body = firstNonEmptyStr(str("html"), str("body"))
+	msg.ReplyTo = firstNonEmptyStr(str("replyto"), str("reply_to"))
+
+	if msg.To, err = toList(m["to"]); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if msg.Cc, err = toList(m["cc"]); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if msg.Bcc, err = toList(m["bcc"]); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if atts, ok := m["attachments"]; ok {
+		msg.Attachments, err = toAttachments(atts)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return msg, nil
+}
+
+// toList 将任意输入转为地址列表（[]string、[]any 或逗号/分号分隔串）
+func toList(v any) ([]string, error) {
+	switch t := v.(type) {
+	case nil:
+		return nil, nil
+	case []string:
+		return t, nil
+	case string:
+		var out []string
+		for _, p := range strings.FieldsFunc(t, func(r rune) bool { return r == ',' || r == ';' }) {
+			if p = strings.TrimSpace(p); p != "" {
+				out = append(out, p)
+			}
+		}
+		return out, nil
+	case []any:
+		out := make([]string, 0, len(t))
+		for _, item := range t {
+			if s, ok := item.(string); ok {
+				out = append(out, s)
+			}
+		}
+		return out, nil
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx: invalid address list type %T", v)
+	}
+}
+
+// toAttachments 将 attachments 输入转为附件列表
+func toAttachments(v any) ([]Attachment, error) {
+	switch t := v.(type) {
+	case []string:
+		out := make([]Attachment, 0, len(t))
+		for _, p := range t {
+			out = append(out, Attachment{Name: fileBaseName(p), Path: p})
+		}
+		return out, nil
+	case []map[string]any:
+		out := make([]Attachment, 0, len(t))
+		for _, mm := range t {
+			var att Attachment
+			if name, ok := mm["name"].(string); ok {
+				att.Name = name
+			}
+			if p, ok := mm["path"].(string); ok {
+				att.Path = p
+				if att.Name == "" {
+					att.Name = fileBaseName(p)
+				}
+			}
+			if d, ok := mm["data"]; ok {
+				if bs, ok := d.([]byte); ok {
+					att.Data = bs
+				}
+			}
+			out = append(out, att)
+		}
+		return out, nil
+	case []any:
+		return toAttachments(mapsFromAny(t))
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx: invalid attachments type %T", v)
+	}
+}
+
+// mapsFromAny 将 []any 转为 []map[string]any（忽略非 map 元素）
+func mapsFromAny(arr []any) []map[string]any {
+	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(arr))
+	for _, item := range arr {
+		if mm, ok := item.(map[string]any); ok {
+			out = append(out, mm)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func firstNonEmptyStr(vals ...string) string {
+	for _, v := range vals {
+		if v != "" {
+			return v
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 9544eb7..98eab65 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/alibabacloud-go/tea v1.2.2
 	github.com/alibabacloud-go/tea-utils/v2 v2.0.7
 	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.55.5
+	github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1
 	github.com/mailgun/mailgun-go/v4 v4.18.5
-	github.com/yuninks/loggerx v1.0.12
 )
 
 require (
@@ -24,36 +24,16 @@ require (
 	github.com/alibabacloud-go/tea-xml v1.1.3 // indirect
 	github.com/aliyun/credentials-go v1.3.10 // indirect
 	github.com/andybalholm/cascadia v1.3.2 // indirect
-	github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.9.1 // indirect
-	github.com/chenzhuoyu/base64x v0.0.0-20221115062448-fe3a3abad311 // indirect
 	github.com/clbanning/mxj/v2 v2.5.5 // indirect
-	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.2 // indirect
-	github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.0.8 // indirect
-	github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 // indirect
-	github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1 // indirect
-	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.14.0 // indirect
-	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 // indirect
 	github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.4 // indirect
-	github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.4 // indirect
 	github.com/mailgun/errors v0.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.0.8 // indirect
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/tjfoc/gmsm v1.4.1 // indirect
-	github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 // indirect
-	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.11 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.22.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/net v0.24.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.19.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index ed95ca9..7213ff8 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -58,13 +58,7 @@ github.com/andybalholm/cascadia v1.3.2 h1:3Xi6Dw5lHF15JtdcmAHD3i1+T8plmv7BQ/nsVi
 github.com/andybalholm/cascadia v1.3.2/go.mod h1:7gtRlve5FxPPgIgX36uWBX58OdBsSS6lUvCFb+h7KvU=
 github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.55.5 h1:KKUZBfBoyqy5d3swXyiC7Q76ic40rYcbqH7qjh59kzU=
 github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.55.5/go.mod h1:eRwEWoyTWFMVYVQzKMNHWP5/RV4xIUGMQfXQHfHkpNU=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.5.0/go.mod h1:ED5hyg4y6t3/9Ku1R6dU/4KyJ48DZ4jPhfY1O2AihPM=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.9.1 h1:6iJ6NqdoxCDr6mbY8h18oSO+cShGSMRGCEo7F2h0x8s=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.9.1/go.mod h1:i736AoUSYt75HyZLoJW9ERYxcy6eaN6h4BZXU064P/U=
 github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.2.1/go.mod h1:f6KPmirojxKA12rnyqOA5BBL4O983OfeGPqjHWSTneU=
-github.com/chenzhuoyu/base64x v0.0.0-20211019084208-fb5309c8db06/go.mod h1:DH46F32mSOjUmXrMHnKwZdA8wcEefY7UVqBKYGjpdQY=
-github.com/chenzhuoyu/base64x v0.0.0-20221115062448-fe3a3abad311 h1:qSGYFH7+jGhDF8vLC+iwCD4WpbV1EBDSzWkJODFLams=
-github.com/chenzhuoyu/base64x v0.0.0-20221115062448-fe3a3abad311/go.mod h1:b583jCggY9gE99b6G5LEC39OIiVsWj+R97kbl5odCEk=
 github.com/clbanning/mxj/v2 v2.5.5 h1:oT81vUeEiQQ/DcHbzSytRngP6Ky9O+L+0Bw0zSJag9E=
 github.com/clbanning/mxj/v2 v2.5.5/go.mod h1:hNiWqW14h+kc+MdF9C6/YoRfjEJoR3ou6tn/Qo+ve2s=
 github.com/client9/misspell v0.3.4/go.mod h1:qj6jICC3Q7zFZvVWo7KLAzC3yx5G7kyvSDkc90ppPyw=
@@ -75,24 +69,8 @@ github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSs
 github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.0/go.mod h1:YTl/9mNaCwkRvm6d1a2C3ymFceY/DCBVvsKhRF0iEA4=
 github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.4/go.mod h1:6rpuAdCZL397s3pYoYcLgu1mIlRU8Am5FuJP05cCM98=
 github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v0.1.0/go.mod h1:iSmxcyjqTsJpI2R4NaDN7+kN2VEUnK/pcBlmesArF7c=
-github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.2 h1:w5qFW6JKBz9Y393Y4q372O9A7cUSequkh1Q7OhCmWKU=
-github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.2/go.mod h1:zApsH/mKG4w07erKIaJPFiX0Tsq9BFQgN3qGY5GnNgA=
-github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 h1:Y/yl/+YNO8GZSjAhjMsSuLt29uWRFHdHYUb5lYOV9qE=
-github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RHrZQHXnP2xjPF+u1gW/2HnVO7nvIa9PG3Gm+fLHvGI=
-github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.9.1 h1:4idEAncQnU5cB7BeOkPtxjfCSye0AAm1R0RVIqJ+Jmg=
-github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.9.1/go.mod h1:hPrL7YrpYKXt5YId3A/Tnip5kqbEAP+KLuI3SUcPTeU=
 github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.0.8 h1:lD+NLqFcAi1ovnVZpsnObHGW4xb4J8lNmoYVfECH1Y0=
 github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.0.8/go.mod h1:DslCQbL2OYiznFReuXYUmQ2hGd1aDpCnlMNITLSKoi8=
-github.com/go-playground/assert/v2 v2.2.0 h1:JvknZsQTYeFEAhQwI4qEt9cyV5ONwRHC+lYKSsYSR8s=
-github.com/go-playground/assert/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VDjEfimB/XKnb+ZQfWdccd7VUvScMdVu0Titje2rxJ4=
-github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 h1:EWaQ/wswjilfKLTECiXz7Rh+3BjFhfDFKv/oXslEjJA=
-github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1/go.mod h1:hxrqLVvrK65+Rwrd5Fc6F2O76J/NuW9t0sjnWqG1slY=
-github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1 h1:Bcnm0ZwsGyWbCzImXv+pAJnYK9S473LQFuzCbDbfSFY=
-github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1/go.mod h1:xekY+UJKNuX9WP91TpwSH2VMlDf28Uj24BCp08ZFTUY=
-github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.14.0 h1:vgvQWe3XCz3gIeFDm/HnTIbj6UGmg/+t63MyGU2n5js=
-github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.14.0/go.mod h1:9iXMNT7sEkjXb0I+enO7QXmzG6QCsPWY4zveKFVRSyU=
-github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 h1:CrxCmQqYDkv1z7lO7Wbh2HN93uovUHgrECaO5ZrCXAU=
-github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2/go.mod h1:6MelG93GURQebXPDq3khkgXZkazVtN9CRI+MGFi0w8I=
 github.com/golang/glog v0.0.0-20160126235308-23def4e6c14b/go.mod h1:SBH7ygxi8pfUlaOkMMuAQtPIUF8ecWP5IEl/CR7VP2Q=
 github.com/golang/mock v1.1.1/go.mod h1:oTYuIxOrZwtPieC+H1uAHpcLFnEyAGVDL/k47Jfbm0A=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.2.0/go.mod h1:6lQm79b+lXiMfvg/cZm0SGofjICqVBUtrP5yJMmIC1U=
@@ -104,13 +82,10 @@ github.com/golang/protobuf v1.4.0-rc.2/go.mod h1:LlEzMj4AhA7rCAGe4KMBDvJI+AwstrU
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.4.0-rc.4.0.20200313231945-b860323f09d0/go.mod h1:WU3c8KckQ9AFe+yFwt9sWVRKCVIyN9cPHBJSNnbL67w=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.4.0/go.mod h1:jodUvKwWbYaEsadDk5Fwe5c77LiNKVO9IDvqG2KuDX0=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.4.2/go.mod h1:oDoupMAO8OvCJWAcko0GGGIgR6R6ocIYbsSw735rRwI=
-github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.0/go.mod h1:FsONVRAS9T7sI+LIUmWTfcYkHO4aIWwzhcaSAoJOfIk=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.2.0/go.mod h1:oXzfMopK8JAjlY9xF4vHSVASa0yLyX7SntLO5aqRK0M=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.3.0/go.mod h1:8QqcDgzrUqlUb/G2PQTWiueGozuR1884gddMywk6iLU=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.3.1/go.mod h1:8QqcDgzrUqlUb/G2PQTWiueGozuR1884gddMywk6iLU=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.4.0/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
-github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5 h1:Khx7svrCpmxxtHBq5j2mp/xVjsi8hQMfNLvJFAlrGgU=
-github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/gofuzz v1.0.0/go.mod h1:dBl0BpW6vV/+mYPU4Po3pmUjxk6FQPldtuIdl/M65Eg=
 github.com/gopherjs/gopherjs v0.0.0-20181017120253-0766667cb4d1/go.mod h1:wJfORRmW1u3UXTncJ5qlYoELFm8eSnnEO6hX4iZ3EWY=
 github.com/gopherjs/gopherjs v0.0.0-20200217142428-fce0ec30dd00/go.mod h1:wJfORRmW1u3UXTncJ5qlYoELFm8eSnnEO6hX4iZ3EWY=
@@ -118,24 +93,18 @@ github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath v0.4.0 h1:BEgLn5cpjn8UN1mAw4NjwDrS35OdebyEtFe+9Y
 github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath v0.4.0/go.mod h1:T8mJZnbsbmF+m6zOOFylbeCJqk5+pHWvzYPziyZiYoo=
 github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath/internal/testify v1.5.1 h1:shLQSRRSCCPj3f2gpwzGwWFoC7ycTf1rcQZHOlsJ6N8=
 github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath/internal/testify v1.5.1/go.mod h1:L3OGu8Wl2/fWfCI6z80xFu9LTZmf1ZRjMHUOPmWr69U=
+github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1 h1:7eLL/+HRGLY0ldzfGMeQkb7vMd0as4CfYvUVzLqw0N0=
+github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1/go.mod h1:f4LDr5Voq0i2e/R5DDNOoa2zzDfwtkZa6DnEwAbqwq4=
 github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.10/go.mod h1:KdQUCv79m/52Kvf8AW2vK1V8akMuk1QjK/uOdHXbAo4=
 github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 h1:PV8peI4a0ysnczrg+LtxykD8LfKY9ML6u2jnxaEnrnM=
 github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12/go.mod h1:e30LSqwooZae/UwlEbR2852Gd8hjQvJoHmT4TnhNGBo=
 github.com/jtolds/gls v4.20.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:QJZ7F/aHp+rZTRtaJ1ow/lLfFfVYBRgL+9YlvaHOwJU=
-github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.0.9/go.mod h1:FInQzS24/EEf25PyTYn52gqo7WaD8xa0213Md/qVLRg=
-github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.4 h1:acbojRNwl3o09bUq+yDCtZFc1aiwaAAxtcn8YkZXnvk=
-github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.4/go.mod h1:RVVoqg1df56z8g3pUjL/3lE5UfnlrJX8tyFgg4nqhuY=
 github.com/kr/pty v1.1.1/go.mod h1:pFQYn66WHrOpPYNljwOMqo10TkYh1fy3cYio2l3bCsQ=
-github.com/kr/text v0.1.0 h1:45sCR5RtlFHMR4UwH9sdQ5TC8v0qDQCHnXt+kaKSTVE=
 github.com/kr/text v0.1.0/go.mod h1:4Jbv+DJW3UT/LiOwJeYQe1efqtUx/iVham/4vfdArNI=
-github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.4 h1:XlAE/cm/ms7TE/VMVoduSpNBoyc2dOxHs5MZSwAN63Q=
-github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.4/go.mod h1:7ZrI8mTSeBSHl/UaRyKQW1qZeMgak41ANeCNaVckg+4=
 github.com/mailgun/errors v0.3.0 h1:g8R8lodkwqk5WIVMAClyUqt0PSd5JTVgobB+H7C2sLs=
 github.com/mailgun/errors v0.3.0/go.mod h1:+ltknP+jhv3gZ1StKY6ugoQECcPxDCaSdmYesqTZcLQ=
 github.com/mailgun/mailgun-go/v4 v4.18.5 h1:wZnTutW/fzxNyJVBMa6O4LLGW/hO+IGfKpuqBT4nbVs=
 github.com/mailgun/mailgun-go/v4 v4.18.5/go.mod h1:+d4FCswFAukgYc1XtKK2IxOYaVxjVm8AN2z/5TBiT8M=
-github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19 h1:JITubQf0MOLdlGRuRq+jtsDlekdYPia9ZFsB8h/APPA=
-github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D7dTCTo3Y=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180228061459-e0a39a4cb421/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd h1:TRLaZ9cD/w8PVh93nsPXa1VrQ6jlwL5oN8l14QlcNfg=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
@@ -143,10 +112,7 @@ github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v0.0.0-20180701023420-4b7aa43c6742/go.mod h1:bx2lN
 github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.1/go.mod h1:bx2lNnkwVCuqBIxFjflWJWanXIb3RllmbCylyMrvgv0=
 github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 h1:xBagoLtFs94CBntxluKeaWgTMpvLxC4ur3nMaC9Gz0M=
 github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2/go.mod h1:yWuevngMOJpCy52FWWMvUC8ws7m/LJsjYzDa0/r8luk=
-github.com/niemeyer/pretty v0.0.0-20200227124842-a10e7caefd8e h1:fD57ERR4JtEqsWbfPhv4DMiApHyliiK5xCTNVSPiaAs=
 github.com/niemeyer/pretty v0.0.0-20200227124842-a10e7caefd8e/go.mod h1:zD1mROLANZcx1PVRCS0qkT7pwLkGfwJo4zjcN/Tysno=
-github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.0.8 h1:0ctb6s9mE31h0/lhu+J6OPmVeDxJn+kYnJc2jZR9tGQ=
-github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.0.8/go.mod h1:vuYfssBdrU2XDZ9bYydBu6t+6a6PYNcZljzZR9VXg+4=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
 github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.0.0-20190812154241-14fe0d1b01d4/go.mod h1:xMI15A0UPsDsEKsMN9yxemIoYk6Tm2C1GtYGdfGttqA=
@@ -157,33 +123,17 @@ github.com/smartystreets/assertions v1.1.0/go.mod h1:tcbTF8ujkAEcZ8TElKY+i30BzYl
 github.com/smartystreets/goconvey v1.6.4/go.mod h1:syvi0/a8iFYH4r/RixwvyeAJjdLS9QV7WQ/tjFTllLA=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.2.0/go.mod h1:qt09Ya8vawLte6SNmTgCsAVtYtaKzEcn8ATUoHMkEqE=
-github.com/stretchr/objx v0.4.0/go.mod h1:YvHI0jy2hoMjB+UWwv71VJQ9isScKT/TqJzVSSt89Yw=
-github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpEOglKo=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M5WIy9Dh21IEIfnGCwXGc5bZfKNJtfHm1UVUgZn+9EI=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.5.1/go.mod h1:5W2xD1RspED5o8YsWQXVCued0rvSQ+mT+I5cxcmMvtA=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.0/go.mod h1:yNjHg4UonilssWZ8iaSj1OCr/vHnekPRkoO+kdMU+MU=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.1/go.mod h1:w2LPCIKwWwSfY2zedu0+kehJoqGctiVI29o6fzry7u4=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.2/go.mod h1:w2LPCIKwWwSfY2zedu0+kehJoqGctiVI29o6fzry7u4=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.3/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0 h1:HtqpIVDClZ4nwg75+f6Lvsy/wHu+3BoSGCbBAcpTsTg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0/go.mod h1:r2ic/lqez/lEtzL7wO/rwa5dbSLXVDPFyf8C91i36aY=
 github.com/tjfoc/gmsm v1.3.2/go.mod h1:HaUcFuY0auTiaHB9MHFGCPx5IaLhTUd2atbCFBQXn9w=
 github.com/tjfoc/gmsm v1.4.1 h1:aMe1GlZb+0bLjn+cKTPEvvn9oUEBlJitaZiiBwsbgho=
 github.com/tjfoc/gmsm v1.4.1/go.mod h1:j4INPkHWMrhJb38G+J6W4Tw0AbuN8Thu3PbdVYhVcTE=
-github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 h1:SU5vSMR7hnwNxj24w34ZyCi/FmDZTkS4MhqMhdFk5YI=
-github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1/go.mod h1:a1lVb/DtPvCB8fslRZhAngC2+aY1QWCk3Cedj/Gdt08=
-github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.11 h1:BMaWp1Bb6fHwEtbplGBGJ498wD+LKlNSl25MjdZY4dU=
-github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.11/go.mod h1:UNopzCgEMSXjBc6AOMqYvWC1ktqTAfzJZUZgYf6w6lg=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.1.27/go.mod h1:3hX8gzYuyVAZsxl0MRgGTJEmQBFcNTphYh9decYSb74=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.1.30/go.mod h1:3hX8gzYuyVAZsxl0MRgGTJEmQBFcNTphYh9decYSb74=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.4.13/go.mod h1:6yULJ656Px+3vBD8DxQVa3kxgyrAnzto9xy5taEt/CY=
-github.com/yuninks/loggerx v1.0.12 h1:5XxhSo5bQZEjLRdJ9FPmj+uS018s1meo/9OhG9y2hUg=
-github.com/yuninks/loggerx v1.0.12/go.mod h1:+QFoywQ1ICh4v40zj6OHM8GBZHEqV0yvRbkZjZUe2o4=
-golang.org/x/arch v0.0.0-20210923205945-b76863e36670/go.mod h1:5om86z9Hs0C8fWVUuoMHwpExlXzs5Tkyp9hOrfG7pp8=
-golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 h1:02VY4/ZcO/gBOH6PUaoiptASxtXU10jazRCP865E97k=
-golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0/go.mod h1:5om86z9Hs0C8fWVUuoMHwpExlXzs5Tkyp9hOrfG7pp8=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191011191535-87dc89f01550/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191219195013-becbf705a915/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
@@ -196,8 +146,6 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0/go.mod h1:MVFd36DqK4CsrnJYDkBA3VC4m2GkXAM0PvzMCn4JQf
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.18.0/go.mod h1:R0j02AL6hcrfOiy9T4ZYp/rcWeMxM3L6QYxlOuEG1mg=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.19.0/go.mod h1:Iy9bg/ha4yyC70EfRS8jz+B6ybOBKMaSxLj6P6oBDfU=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.21.0/go.mod h1:0BP7YvVV9gBbVKyeTG0Gyn+gZm94bibOW5BjDEYAOMs=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.22.0 h1:g1v0xeRhjcugydODzvb3mEM9SQ0HGp9s/nh3COQ/C30=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.22.0/go.mod h1:vr6Su+7cTlO45qkww3VDJlzDn0ctJvRgYbC2NvXHt+M=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20181026193005-c67002cb31c3/go.mod h1:UVdnD1Gm6xHRNCYTkRU2/jEulfH38KcIWyp/GAMgvoE=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20190227174305-5b3e6a55c961/go.mod h1:wehouNa3lNwaWXcvxsM5YxQ5yQlVC4a0KAMCusXpPoU=
@@ -244,11 +192,9 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200930185726-fdedc70b468f/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20201119102817-f84b799fce68/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210615035016-665e8c7367d1/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220520151302-bc2c85ada10a/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220704084225-05e143d24a9e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220715151400-c0bba94af5f8/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220722155257-8c9f86f7a55f/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.7.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.9.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
@@ -276,7 +222,6 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.9.0/go.mod h1:e1OnstbJyHTd6l/uOt8jFFHp6TRDWZR/bV3emEE/zU8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.10.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
 golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
-golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190114222345-bf090417da8b/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
@@ -290,7 +235,6 @@ golang.org/x/tools v0.1.12/go.mod h1:hNGJHUnrk76NpqgfD5Aqm5Crs+Hm0VOH/i9J2+nxYbc
 golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
-golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543 h1:E7g+9GITq07hpfrRu66IVDexMakfv52eLZ2CXBWiKr4=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.1.0/go.mod h1:EbEs0AVv82hx2wNQdGPgUI5lhzA/G0D9YwlJXL52JkM=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.4.0/go.mod h1:xpcJRLb0r/rnEns0DIKYYv+WjYCduHsrkT7/EB5XEv4=
@@ -306,11 +250,7 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200228230310-ab0ca4ff8a60/go.mod h1:cfTl7dwQ
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.20.1-0.20200309200217-e05f789c0967/go.mod h1:A+miEFZTKqfCUM6K7xSMQL9OKL/b6hQv+e19PK+JZNE=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.21.0/go.mod h1:47Nbq4nVaFHyn7ilMalzfO3qCViNmqZ2kzikPIcrTAo=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20200227125254-8fa46927fb4f h1:BLraFXnmrev5lT+xlilqcH8XK9/i0At2xKjWk4p6zsU=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20200227125254-8fa46927fb4f/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.56.0/go.mod h1:pNLf8WUiyNEtQjuu5G5vTm06TEv9tsIgeAvK8hOrP4k=
 gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 h1:Dgnx+6+nfE+IfzjUEISNeydPJh9AXNNsWbGP9KzCsOA=
@@ -323,4 +263,3 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190102054323-c2f93a96b099/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190523083050-ea95bdfd59fc/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
-rsc.io/pdf v0.1.1/go.mod h1:n8OzWcQ6Sp37PL01nO98y4iUCRdTGarVfzxY20ICaU4=
diff --git a/html.go b/html.go
index bf62411..0a23068 100644
--- a/html.go
+++ b/html.go
@@ -2,76 +2,50 @@ package mailx
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
 )
 
-// html路径替换
-func ParseHtmlResource(html string) ([]string, error) {
-	resp := []string{}
-
-	b := bytes.NewBufferString(html)
-	doc, err := goquery.NewDocumentFromReader(b)
+// ParseHTMLResource 解析 HTML 中引用的静态资源地址（css/js/img/video/audio）。
+// 返回资源 URL 列表；忽略空属性与 dns-prefetch 预请求。
+func ParseHTMLResource(html string) ([]string, error) {
+	doc, err := goquery.NewDocumentFromReader(bytes.NewBufferString(html))
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx: parse html: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// 找到所有的 css 标签，并且打印它们的 href 属性
-	doc.Find("link").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		// 忽略dns预请求
-		r, ok := s.Attr("rel")
-		if ok && r == "dns-prefetch" {
+	var res []string
+	collect := func(sel, attr string) {
+		doc.Find(sel).Each(func(_ int, s *goquery.Selection) {
+			if v, ok := s.Attr(attr); ok && v != "" {
+				res = append(res, v)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	// link：跳过 dns-prefetch
+	doc.Find("link").Each(func(_ int, s *goquery.Selection) {
+		if rel, ok := s.Attr("rel"); ok && rel == "dns-prefetch" {
 			return
 		}
-
-		href, ok := s.Attr("href")
-		if ok && href != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, href)
+		if href, ok := s.Attr("href"); ok && href != "" {
+			res = append(res, href)
 		}
 	})
+	collect("script", "src")
+	collect("img", "src")
+	collect("img", "data-src")
+	collect("video", "src")
+	collect("video", "data-src")
+	collect("audio", "src")
 
-	// 找到所有的 script 标签，并且打印它们的 src 属性
-	doc.Find("script").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		src, ok := s.Attr("src")
-		if ok && src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, src)
-		}
-	})
-
-	// 找到所有的 img 标签，并且打印它们的 src 属性
-	doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		src, ok := s.Attr("src")
-		if ok && src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, src)
-		}
-		data_src, ok := s.Attr("data-src")
-		if ok && data_src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, data_src)
-		}
-	})
-
-	// 找到所有的 video 标签，并且打印它们的 src 属性
-	doc.Find("video").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		src, ok := s.Attr("src")
-		if ok && src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, src)
-		}
-
-		data_src, ok := s.Attr("data-src")
-		if ok && data_src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, data_src)
-		}
-	})
-
-	// 找到所有的 audio 标签，并且打印它们的 src 属性
-	doc.Find("audio").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		src, ok := s.Attr("src")
-
-		if ok && src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, src)
-		}
-	})
-
-	return resp, nil
-
+	return res, nil
+}
+
+// ParseHtmlResource 是 ParseHTMLResource 的旧名称，保留以兼容历史调用，建议使用新名。
+//
+// Deprecated: 请使用 ParseHTMLResource。
+func ParseHtmlResource(html string) ([]string, error) {
+	return ParseHTMLResource(html)
 }
diff --git a/html_resource_test.go b/html_resource_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..302e681
--- /dev/null
+++ b/html_resource_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package mailx_test
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+func TestParseHtmlResourceAll(t *testing.T) {
+	html := `<html>
+	<head>
+		<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//dns.example.com">
+		<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/a.css">
+		<script src="./js/app.js"></script>
+	</head>
+	<body>
+		<img src="./img/a.png" data-src="./img/b.png">
+		<video src="./v/a.mp4" data-src="./v/b.mp4"></video>
+		<audio src="./au/a.mp3"></audio>
+	</body>
+	</html>`
+
+	got, err := mailx.ParseHTMLResource(html)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	want := []string{
+		"./css/a.css",
+		"./js/app.js",
+		"./img/a.png",
+		"./img/b.png",
+		"./v/a.mp4",
+		"./v/b.mp4",
+		"./au/a.mp3",
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseHtmlResourceNoResources(t *testing.T) {
+	got, err := mailx.ParseHtmlResource("<html><body>plain</body></html>")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v, want empty", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseHtmlResourceInvalidInput(t *testing.T) {
+	// 非法 HTML 输入不应返回错误（goquery 容错解析）
+	if _, err := mailx.ParseHtmlResource("not html at all <<<"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseHtmlResourceEmptyHrefIgnored(t *testing.T) {
+	got, err := mailx.ParseHtmlResource(`<html>
+		<link rel="stylesheet" href="">
+		<script src=""></script>
+		<img src="">
+	</html>`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v, want empty", got)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/html_test.go b/html_test.go
index 012ed50..506df62 100644
--- a/html_test.go
+++ b/html_test.go
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ package mailx_test
 
 import (
 	"testing"
-	"wallet-pay-api/pkg/mailx"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 )
 
 func TestParseHtmlResource(t *testing.T) {
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ func TestParseHtmlResource(t *testing.T) {
 	</html>
 	`
 
-	res, err := mailx.ParseHtmlResource(html)
+	res, err := mailx.ParseHTMLResource(html)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
diff --git a/interfaces/consts.go b/interfaces/consts.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 2a106bb..0000000
--- a/interfaces/consts.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-package interfaces
-
-
-type EmailType string
-
-const (
-	EmailTypeAliyun  EmailType = "aliyun"
-	EmailTypeAws     EmailType = "aws"
-	EmailTypeMailgun EmailType = "mailgun"
-	EmailTypeSmtp    EmailType = "smtp"
-)
-
-type EmialConfigDataMailgun struct {
-	ApiKey string `json:"api_key"` // mailgun api key
-	Domain string `json:"domain"`  // mailgun domain
-	Sender string `json:"sender"`  // 发件人
-}
-
-type EmailConfigDataSmtp struct {
-	Username string `json:"username"` // 邮箱账号
-	Password string `json:"password"` // 授权码
-	Host     string `json:"host"`     // SMTP 服务器【默认smtpdm.aliyun.com】
-	Port     string `json:"port"`     // 发信端口
-	ReplyTo  string `json:"reply_to"` // 【选填】回复地址
-	// From     string `json:"from"`     // 【选填】阿里云邮箱发件人
-}
-
-type EmailConfigDataAws struct {
-	AccessId     string `json:"access_id"`     // 亚马逊AccessId
-	AccessSecret string `json:"access_secret"` // 亚马逊AccessSecret
-	Region       string `json:"region"`        // 亚马逊Region
-	Sender       string `json:"sender"`        // 亚马逊发件人
-}
-
-type EmialConfigDataAliyun struct {
-	AccessId     string `json:"access_id"`     // 阿里云AccessId
-	AccessKey    string `json:"access_key"`    // 阿里云AccessKey
-	Endpoint     string `json:"endpoint"`      // 区域 默认dm.aliyuncs.com
-	AccountName  string `json:"account_name"`  // 账号名
-	ReplyAddress string `json:"reply_address"` // 邮件回复地址
-}
-
-type Message struct {
-	Form       string
-	To         []string
-	Cc         []string
-	Bcc        []string
-	Subject    string
-	Body       string
-	ReplyTo    string
-	Attachment []MessageAttachment // 附件
-}
-
-type MessageAttachment struct {
-	Content     string
-	ContentType string
-}
-
-type EmailSendRecord struct {
-	AccountName  string          // 发件人
-	UpdateTime   int64           // 毫秒时间戳
-	Status       EmailSendStatus // 状态
-	ToUser       string          // 收件人
-	Subject      string          // 邮件主题
-	ErrorMessage string          // 错误信息
-}
-
-type EmailSendStatus int
-
-const (
-	EmailSendStatusUnknown        EmailSendStatus = 0
-	EmailSendStatusSuccess        EmailSendStatus = 1
-	EmailSendStatusInvalidAddress EmailSendStatus = 2
-	EmailSendStatusSpam           EmailSendStatus = 3
-	EmailSendStatusFailed         EmailSendStatus = 4
-)
diff --git a/interfaces/interfaces.go b/interfaces/interfaces.go
deleted file mode 100644
index ca4cae1..0000000
--- a/interfaces/interfaces.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-package interfaces
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-)
-
-
-
-type EmailInterface interface {
-	SetOption(ctx context.Context, opt ...Option) (EmailInterface, error) // 初始化
-	GetEmailType() EmailType
-	// Send 发送邮件
-	Send(ctx context.Context, params Message) error
-}
-
-type EmailFactoryInterface interface {
-	Register(EmailInterface) // 注册一个接口
-	SetOption(opt ...Option) // 针对已注册的进行初始化
-	GetEmail(EmailType) (EmailInterface, error)
-	UnRegister(EmailType)
-}
-
-type DefaultEmail struct {
-	Options   emailOption
-	EmailType EmailType
-}
-
-func NewDefaultEmail() *DefaultEmail {
-	return &DefaultEmail{
-		Options:   DefaultOptions(),
-		EmailType: "DefaultEmail",
-	}
-}
-
-func (l *DefaultEmail) SetOption(ctx context.Context, opt ...Option) (EmailInterface, error) {
-	// 深复制l并且返回新的
-	newL := *l
-
-	for _, o := range opt {
-		o(&newL.Options)
-	}
-
-	return &newL, nil
-}
-
-func (l *DefaultEmail) GetEmailType() EmailType {
-	return l.EmailType
-}
-
-func (l *DefaultEmail) Send(ctx context.Context, params Message) error {
-	return errors.New("not implemented")
-}
-
-type DefaultEmailFactory struct {
-	Emails map[EmailType]EmailInterface
-}
-
-func NewDefaultEmailFactory() *DefaultEmailFactory {
-	return &DefaultEmailFactory{
-		Emails: make(map[EmailType]EmailInterface),
-	}
-}
-
-func (l *DefaultEmailFactory) Register(email EmailInterface) {
-	l.Emails[email.GetEmailType()] = email
-}
-
-func (l *DefaultEmailFactory) SetOption(opt ...Option) {
-	for _, email := range l.Emails {
-		email.SetOption(context.Background(), opt...)
-	}
-}
-
-func (l *DefaultEmailFactory) GetEmail(emailType EmailType) (EmailInterface, error) {
-	email, ok := l.Emails[emailType]
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("not implemented")
-	}
-	return email, nil
-}
-
-func (l *DefaultEmailFactory) UnRegister(emailType EmailType) {
-	delete(l.Emails, emailType)
-}
diff --git a/interfaces/options.go b/interfaces/options.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 247a121..0000000
--- a/interfaces/options.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-package interfaces
-
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/yuninks/loggerx"
-)
-
-type emailOption struct {
-	Logger loggerx.LoggerInterface
-
-	Smtp    *EmailConfigDataSmtp    `json:"smtp,omitempty"`    // smtp
-	Aws     *EmailConfigDataAws     `json:"aws,omitempty"`     // 亚马逊
-	Aliyun  *EmialConfigDataAliyun  `json:"aliyun,omitempty"`  // 阿里云
-	Mailgun *EmialConfigDataMailgun `json:"mailgun,omitempty"` // mailgun
-}
-
-func DefaultOptions() emailOption {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	return emailOption{
-		Logger: loggerx.NewLogger(ctx),
-	}
-}
-
-type Option func(*emailOption)
-
-// 设置日志
-func SetLogger(logger loggerx.LoggerInterface) Option {
-	return func(o *emailOption) {
-		o.Logger = logger
-	}
-}
-
-func SetSmtp(smtp *EmailConfigDataSmtp) Option {
-	return func(o *emailOption) {
-		o.Smtp = smtp
-	}
-}
-
-func SetAws(aws *EmailConfigDataAws) Option {
-	return func(o *emailOption) {
-		o.Aws = aws
-	}
-}
-
-func SetAliyun(aliyun *EmialConfigDataAliyun) Option {
-	return func(o *emailOption) {
-		o.Aliyun = aliyun
-	}
-}
-
-func SetMailgun(mailgun *EmialConfigDataMailgun) Option {
-	return func(o *emailOption) {
-		o.Mailgun = mailgun
-	}
-}
diff --git a/internal_test.go b/internal_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..652a2f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package mailx
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestFileBaseName(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct{ in, want string }{
+		{"dir/file.txt", "file.txt"},
+		{`dir\file.txt`, "file.txt"},
+		{"/a/b/c.txt", "c.txt"},
+		{"file.txt", "file.txt"},
+		{"", "attachment"},
+		{"/", "attachment"},
+		{".", "attachment"},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := fileBaseName(c.in); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("fileBaseName(%q) = %q, want %q", c.in, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/logger.go b/logger.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9fbc7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/logger.go
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package mailx
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"log"
+)
+
+// Logger 日志接口，可实现或适配任意日志库（如 zap、logrus、slog）。
+// 通过 Manager.SetLogger 或 context 注入（WithLogger）后，
+// 各通道在发送成功/失败时会自动记录。
+type Logger interface {
+	Debugf(ctx context.Context, format string, args ...any)
+	Infof(ctx context.Context, format string, args ...any)
+	Warnf(ctx context.Context, format string, args ...any)
+	Errorf(ctx context.Context, format string, args ...any)
+}
+
+// noopLogger 空实现，作为未注入日志器时的安全默认值
+type noopLogger struct{}
+
+func (noopLogger) Debugf(context.Context, string, ...any) {}
+func (noopLogger) Infof(context.Context, string, ...any)  {}
+func (noopLogger) Warnf(context.Context, string, ...any)  {}
+func (noopLogger) Errorf(context.Context, string, ...any) {}
+
+// stdLogger 基于标准库 log 实现的 Logger
+type stdLogger struct{}
+
+func (stdLogger) Debugf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[debug] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (stdLogger) Infof(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[info] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (stdLogger) Warnf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[warn] "+format, args...)
+}
+func (stdLogger) Errorf(_ context.Context, format string, args ...any) {
+	log.Printf("[error] "+format, args...)
+}
+
+// StdLogger 返回一个基于标准库 log 的 Logger 实现。
+// 若希望日志带行号/级别前缀，或接入 zap/logrus/slog 等，请自定义实现 Logger 接口。
+func StdLogger() Logger {
+	return stdLogger{}
+}
+
+// noop 返回一个空实现的 Logger，用于未注入时的默认值。
+func noop() Logger {
+	return noopLogger{}
+}
+
+// ctxKey 用于在 context 中存取 Logger 的私有键
+type ctxKey struct{}
+
+// WithLogger 将日志器注入 context，通道发送时自动读取。
+func WithLogger(ctx context.Context, l Logger) context.Context {
+	return context.WithValue(ctx, ctxKey{}, l)
+}
+
+// LoggerFromContext 从 context 读取日志器；未注入时返回空实现（不输出任何日志）。
+func LoggerFromContext(ctx context.Context) Logger {
+	if l, ok := ctx.Value(ctxKey{}).(Logger); ok && l != nil {
+		return l
+	}
+	return noop()
+}
diff --git a/logger_test.go b/logger_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..175729f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/logger_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package mailx_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+// recordingLogger 记录日志调用的最小实现
+type recordingLogger struct{}
+
+func (recordingLogger) Debugf(context.Context, string, ...any) {}
+func (recordingLogger) Infof(context.Context, string, ...any)  {}
+func (recordingLogger) Warnf(context.Context, string, ...any)  {}
+func (recordingLogger) Errorf(context.Context, string, ...any) {}
+
+var _ mailx.Logger = recordingLogger{}
+
+func TestLoggerRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := mailx.WithLogger(context.Background(), recordingLogger{})
+	l := mailx.LoggerFromContext(ctx)
+	if _, ok := l.(recordingLogger); !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("logger type = %T, want recordingLogger", l)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLoggerDefaultNotNil(t *testing.T) {
+	l := mailx.LoggerFromContext(context.Background())
+	if l == nil {
+		t.Fatal("default logger should not be nil")
+	}
+	// 不应 panic
+	l.Debugf(context.Background(), "noop")
+	l.Infof(context.Background(), "noop")
+	l.Warnf(context.Background(), "noop")
+	l.Errorf(context.Background(), "noop")
+}
+
+func TestSetLoggerNilIgnored(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	m.SetLogger(nil) // 不应 panic
+	m.SetLogger(recordingLogger{})
+}
diff --git a/mailgun/mailgun.go b/mailgun/mailgun.go
index 8a7ebd4..be2252a 100644
--- a/mailgun/mailgun.go
+++ b/mailgun/mailgun.go
@@ -1,58 +1,162 @@
+// Package mailgun 提供 Mailgun 邮件发送通道。
 package mailgun
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
 
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 	"github.com/mailgun/mailgun-go/v4"
 )
 
+// defaultTimeout 单次 API 调用的默认超时
+const defaultTimeout = 30 * time.Second
+
+// Config Mailgun 通道配置
+type Config struct {
+	APIKey  string // Mailgun API Key
+	Domain  string // Mailgun Domain
+	Sender  string // 默认发件人（可选，Message.From 优先）
+	Timeout time.Duration // 单次 API 调用的超时，默认 30s；0 表示交给 ctx 控制
+}
+
+// mgClient Mailgun 客户端的最小接口（便于测试注入 mock）
+type mgClient interface {
+	NewMessage(from, subject, text string, to ...string) *mailgun.Message
+	Send(ctx context.Context, m *mailgun.Message) (string, string, error)
+}
+
+// MailGun Mailgun 发送通道
 type MailGun struct {
-	interfaces.DefaultEmail
-	// params *interfaces.EmialConfigDataMailgun
-	mg *mailgun.MailgunImpl
-	// logger loggerx.LoggerInterface
+	cfg Config
+
+	initOnce sync.Once
+	client   mgClient
 }
 
-func NewMailGun() *MailGun {
-	mailgun := &MailGun{}
-	mailgun.Options = interfaces.DefaultOptions()
-	mailgun.EmailType = interfaces.EmailTypeMailgun
-	return mailgun
+// New 创建 Mailgun 通道
+func New(cfg Config) *MailGun {
+	return &MailGun{cfg: cfg}
 }
 
-func (l *MailGun) SetOption(ctx context.Context, opt ...interfaces.Option) (interfaces.EmailInterface, error) {
+// Name 返回通道名称
+func (g *MailGun) Name() string { return "mailgun" }
 
-	for _, o := range opt {
-		o(&l.Options)
+// Send 发送一封邮件
+func (g *MailGun) Send(ctx context.Context, msg *mailx.Message) error {
+	logger := mailx.LoggerFromContext(ctx)
+
+	sender := msg.From
+	if sender == "" {
+		sender = g.cfg.Sender
+	}
+	if sender == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: mailgun sender is required", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig)
+	}
+	if g.cfg.Domain == "" || g.cfg.APIKey == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: mailgun domain and api key are required", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig)
 	}
 
-	if l.Options.Mailgun == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("not mailgun")
+	mg := g.getClient()
+	text := msg.TextBody
+	if text == "" && !mailx.IsHTML(msg.Body) {
+		text = msg.Body
+	}
+	m := mg.NewMessage(sender, msg.Subject, text, msg.To...)
+	if msg.Body != "" {
+		m.SetHtml(msg.Body)
+	}
+	if msg.ReplyTo != "" {
+		m.SetReplyTo(msg.ReplyTo)
+	}
+	for _, cc := range msg.Cc {
+		m.AddCC(cc)
+	}
+	for _, bcc := range msg.Bcc {
+		m.AddBCC(bcc)
+	}
+	for _, att := range msg.Attachments {
+		if len(att.Data) > 0 {
+			name := att.Name
+			if name == "" {
+				name = "attachment"
+			}
+			m.AddBufferAttachment(name, att.Data)
+			continue
+		}
+		if att.Path != "" {
+			if _, err := os.Stat(att.Path); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("mailx/mailgun: attachment %q: %w", att.Path, err)
+			}
+			m.AddAttachment(att.Path)
+			continue
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("mailx/mailgun: attachment has neither path nor data (name=%q)", att.Name)
+	}
+	// 内嵌图片（HTML 中用 <img src="cid:...">，mailgun 以 filename 作为 CID）
+	for _, inl := range msg.Inline {
+		if len(inl.Data) > 0 {
+			m.AddReaderInline(inl.CID, nopCloser{bytes.NewReader(inl.Data)})
+			continue
+		}
+		if inl.Path != "" {
+			if _, err := os.Stat(inl.Path); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("mailx/mailgun: inline %q: %w", inl.Path, err)
+			}
+			// AddInline 以文件路径为参数，其 CID 由文件名推导；
+			// 因此这里将 CID 写入同名的临时文件不可行，改用 ReaderInline 读取路径
+			f, err := os.Open(inl.Path)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("mailx/mailgun: open inline %q: %w", inl.Path, err)
+			}
+			m.AddReaderInline(inl.CID, f)
+			continue
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("mailx/mailgun: inline image has neither path nor data (cid=%q)", inl.CID)
 	}
 
-	l.Options.Logger.Infof(ctx, "Mailgun:%+v", l.Options.Mailgun)
-
-	mg := mailgun.NewMailgun(l.Options.Mailgun.Domain, l.Options.Mailgun.ApiKey)
-
-	l.mg = mg
-
-	return l, nil
+	// 超时兜底：mailgun-go 的 Send 已接受 ctx，这里叠加配置超时
+	ctx, cancel := g.withTimeout(ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+	if _, _, err := mg.Send(ctx, m); err != nil {
+		logger.Errorf(ctx, "mailx/mailgun: send to %v failed: %v", msg.To, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", mailx.ErrSendFailed, err)
+	}
+	logger.Infof(ctx, "mailx/mailgun: sent to %v subject=%q", msg.To, msg.Subject)
+	return nil
 }
 
-func (l *MailGun) Send(ctx context.Context, params interfaces.Message) error {
-	if l.Options.Mailgun == nil {
-		return errors.New("not init")
+// getClient 惰性创建并复用 Mailgun 客户端（线程安全）。
+// 若已通过测试或其他方式注入 client，则直接返回注入的客户端。
+func (g *MailGun) getClient() mgClient {
+	if g.client != nil {
+		return g.client
 	}
-
-	message := l.mg.NewMessage(l.Options.Mailgun.Sender, params.Subject, params.Body, params.To...)
-
-	resp, id, err := l.mg.Send(ctx, message)
-	if err != nil {
-		l.Options.Logger.Errorf(ctx, "Could not send email: %v, resp message: %s, id: %s", err, resp, id)
-		return err
-	}
-
-	return err
+	g.initOnce.Do(func() {
+		g.client = mailgun.NewMailgun(g.cfg.Domain, g.cfg.APIKey)
+	})
+	return g.client
 }
+
+// withTimeout 叠加配置超时到 ctx（已有更早 deadline 时保持不变）
+func (g *MailGun) withTimeout(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, context.CancelFunc) {
+	if g.cfg.Timeout <= 0 {
+		return ctx, func() {}
+	}
+	if dl, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok && time.Until(dl) <= g.cfg.Timeout {
+		return ctx, func() {}
+	}
+	return context.WithTimeout(ctx, g.cfg.Timeout)
+}
+
+// nopCloser 包装 io.Reader 为 io.ReadCloser（Close 为空操作）
+type nopCloser struct {
+	io.Reader
+}
+
+func (nopCloser) Close() error { return nil }
diff --git a/mailgun/mailgun_internal_test.go b/mailgun/mailgun_internal_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d60d83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mailgun/mailgun_internal_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package mailgun
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+var _ mailx.Sender = (*MailGun)(nil)
+
+func TestName(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := New(Config{}).Name(); got != "mailgun" {
+		t.Errorf("Name() = %q, want mailgun", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendWithoutSender(t *testing.T) {
+	// 缺少 Sender 时应立即报错，不调用 mailgun SDK
+	g := New(Config{})
+	err := g.Send(context.Background(), mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("a@b.com").
+		Subject("s").
+		Build())
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Send without sender should error")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/mailgun/mailgun_mock_test.go b/mailgun/mailgun_mock_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..982a758
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mailgun/mailgun_mock_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+package mailgun
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+	"github.com/mailgun/mailgun-go/v4"
+)
+
+// mockMG 实现 mgClient 接口，记录 NewMessage 的参数与 Send 调用
+type mockMG struct {
+	sendErr error
+
+	// NewMessage 捕获
+	from, subject, text string
+	to                  []string
+
+	// Send 捕获
+	msgSent bool
+	sentMsg *mailgun.Message
+}
+
+func (m *mockMG) NewMessage(from, subject, text string, to ...string) *mailgun.Message {
+	m.from, m.subject, m.text = from, subject, text
+	m.to = to
+	return mailgun.NewMessage(from, subject, text, to...)
+}
+
+func (m *mockMG) Send(_ context.Context, msg *mailgun.Message) (string, string, error) {
+	m.msgSent = true
+	m.sentMsg = msg
+	if m.sendErr != nil {
+		return "", "", m.sendErr
+	}
+	return "mock-id", "queued", nil
+}
+
+// TestSendSuccess 验证完整发送流程与消息构造参数
+func TestSendSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockMG{}
+	g := &MailGun{cfg: Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com", Sender: "noreply@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("a@example.com", "b@example.com").
+		Cc("cc@example.com").
+		Bcc("bcc@example.com").
+		Subject("hi").
+		Text("plain").
+		HTML("<b>html</b>").
+		ReplyTo("reply@example.com").
+		AttachBytes("a.txt", []byte("data")).
+		InlineImageBytes("cid1", "a.png", []byte{1}).
+		Build()
+
+	if err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !mock.msgSent {
+		t.Fatal("message not sent")
+	}
+	if mock.from != "noreply@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("From = %q", mock.from)
+	}
+	if mock.subject != "hi" {
+		t.Errorf("Subject = %q", mock.subject)
+	}
+	if mock.text != "plain" {
+		t.Errorf("Text = %q", mock.text)
+	}
+	if len(mock.to) != 2 || mock.to[0] != "a@example.com" || mock.to[1] != "b@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("To = %v", mock.to)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendFromFallback 验证 msg.From 为空时回退 cfg.Sender
+func TestSendFromFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockMG{}
+	g := &MailGun{cfg: Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com", Sender: "cfg@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	if err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if mock.from != "cfg@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("From = %q, want cfg fallback", mock.from)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendTextFallback 验证 Body 为纯文本时作为 text 传递
+func TestSendTextFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockMG{}
+	g := &MailGun{cfg: Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com", Sender: "s@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Body("plain body no html").Build()
+	if err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if mock.text != "plain body no html" {
+		t.Errorf("Text = %q, want fallback to Body", mock.text)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendHTMLOnly 验证 Body 为 HTML 时不作为 text 传递
+func TestSendHTMLOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockMG{}
+	g := &MailGun{cfg: Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com", Sender: "s@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").HTML("<b>html</b>").Build()
+	if err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if mock.text != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Text = %q, want empty for html body", mock.text)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendFail 验证发送失败包装为 ErrSendFailed
+func TestSendFail(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockMG{sendErr: errors.New("mailgun down")}
+	g := &MailGun{cfg: Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com", Sender: "s@example.com"}, client: mock}
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSendFailed) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrSendFailed", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendNoSender 验证缺少 Sender 报错
+func TestSendNoSender(t *testing.T) {
+	g := &MailGun{cfg: Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com"}, client: &mockMG{}}
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrInvalidConfig", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendNoDomain 验证缺少 Domain/APIKey 报错
+func TestSendNoDomain(t *testing.T) {
+	g := &MailGun{cfg: Config{Sender: "s@example.com"}, client: &mockMG{}}
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrInvalidConfig", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendAttachmentErrors 验证附件边界情况
+func TestSendAttachmentErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	g := &MailGun{cfg: Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com", Sender: "s@example.com"}, client: &mockMG{}}
+
+	// 附件既无 path 也无 data
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").
+		AttachBytes("x.txt", []byte{1}).
+		Build()
+	msg.Attachments[0].Data = nil // 清空 data
+	if err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("attachment without path/data should error")
+	}
+
+	// 附件路径不存在
+	msg = mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").
+		Attach("no-such-file.txt").
+		Build()
+	if err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("missing attachment file should error")
+	}
+
+	// 内嵌图片路径不存在
+	msg = mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com").Subject("s").
+		InlineImage("cid1", "no-such-img.png").
+		Build()
+	if err := g.Send(context.Background(), msg); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("missing inline file should error")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestGetClient 验证 getClient 惰性复用
+func TestGetClient(t *testing.T) {
+	g := New(Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com"})
+	c1 := g.getClient()
+	c2 := g.getClient()
+	if c1 != c2 {
+		t.Error("client should be reused")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/mailgun/mailgun_test.go b/mailgun/mailgun_test.go
index 98d9400..7a2d2d3 100644
--- a/mailgun/mailgun_test.go
+++ b/mailgun/mailgun_test.go
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"testing"
 
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/mailgun"
 )
 
@@ -15,26 +15,23 @@ var (
 )
 
 func TestSendEmail(t *testing.T) {
-	gun := mailgun.NewMailGun()
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	ini, err := gun.SetOption(ctx, interfaces.SetMailgun(&interfaces.EmialConfigDataMailgun{
-		ApiKey: apikey,
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skip real send in short mode")
+	}
+	client := mailgun.New(mailgun.Config{
+		APIKey: apikey,
 		Domain: domain,
 		Sender: sender,
-	}))
-
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	err = ini.Send(ctx, interfaces.Message{
-		To:      []string{"995116474@qq.com"},
-		Subject: "test mail",
-		Body:    "Hello",
 	})
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	err := client.Send(ctx, mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("995116474@qq.com").
+		Subject("test mail").
+		Body("Hello").
+		Build())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	t.Log("send success")
-
 }
diff --git a/mailx.go b/mailx.go
index dada30b..e9fac0a 100644
--- a/mailx.go
+++ b/mailx.go
@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
+// Package mailx 是一个简单易用的多通道邮件发送库。
+//
+// 核心特性：
+//   - 多通道支持：smtp / 阿里云 / AWS SES / mailgun 等，可自由扩展
+//   - 链式消息构建：mailx.NewMessage().From(...).To(...).Subject(...).Build()
+//   - 通道管理器：注册多个通道，发送时按名称路由或临时指定配置
+//   - 发送时指定配置：SendWith 选已注册通道，SendBy 直接传入带配置的通道
+//
+// 快速开始：
+//
+//	ctx := context.Background()
+//
+//	// 方式一：直接使用单个通道
+//	err := smtp.New(smtp.Config{Host: "...", Port: 465, User: "...", Password: "..."}).
+//		Send(ctx, mailx.NewMessage().
+//			From("a@example.com").
+//			To("b@example.com").
+//			Subject("hello").
+//			Body("world").
+//			Build())
+//
+//	// 方式二：多通道管理器，发送时切换通道
+//	mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+//	mgr.Register(smtp.New(...))
+//	mgr.Register(aliyun.New(...))
+//	mgr.Send(ctx, msg)                    // 默认通道
+//	mgr.SendWith(ctx, "aliyun", msg)      // 指定通道
+//	mgr.SendBy(ctx, mailgun.New(...), msg) // 临时指定配置的通道
 package mailx
-
-import (
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aliyun"
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/aws"
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/mailgun"
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp"
-)
-
-var Platform interfaces.EmailFactoryInterface
-
-// 注册
-func init() {
-	Platform = interfaces.NewDefaultEmailFactory()
-
-	// 阿里
-	Platform.Register(aliyun.NewAliyun())
-
-	// AWS
-	Platform.Register(aws.NewAws())
-
-	// Smtp
-	Platform.Register(smtp.NewSmtp())
-
-	// mailgun
-	Platform.Register(mailgun.NewMailGun())
-
-}
diff --git a/manager.go b/manager.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d41bdd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/manager.go
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+package mailx
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// SenderInfo 描述一个已注册通道实例的信息
+type SenderInfo struct {
+	// Name 实例名，是管理器中的唯一标识，用于 SendWith/Unregister/SetDefault 路由
+	Name string
+	// Type 通道类型（底层 Sender.Name()），如 "smtp" / "aliyun" / "aws" / "mailgun"
+	Type string
+}
+
+// senderEntry 管理器内部存储的通道条目
+type senderEntry struct {
+	instance string // 实例名（管理器内的唯一标识）
+	sender   Sender
+}
+
+// Manager 多通道管理器：注册多个发送通道实例，发送时按实例名路由
+type Manager struct {
+	mu      sync.RWMutex
+	senders map[string]senderEntry // key 为实例名
+	def     string
+
+	loggerMu sync.RWMutex
+	logger   Logger
+}
+
+// NewManager 创建多通道管理器
+func NewManager() *Manager {
+	return &Manager{
+		senders: make(map[string]senderEntry),
+		logger:  noopLogger{},
+	}
+}
+
+// New 创建多通道管理器（NewManager 的别名，简化调用）
+func New() *Manager {
+	return NewManager()
+}
+
+// Register 注册一个发送通道，实例名即通道的 Name()。
+// 若需同一类型通道注册多份不同配置，请使用 RegisterNamed。
+func (m *Manager) Register(s Sender) error {
+	if s == nil {
+		return ErrInvalidConfig
+	}
+	return m.RegisterNamed(s.Name(), s)
+}
+
+// RegisterNamed 以指定实例名注册一个发送通道。
+// 实例名是管理器内的唯一标识；允许同一通道类型（如 smtp）注册多份不同配置，
+// 例如 "smtp-main" 与 "smtp-backup"。
+func (m *Manager) RegisterNamed(name string, s Sender) error {
+	if s == nil {
+		return ErrInvalidConfig
+	}
+	if name == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: sender instance name is empty", ErrInvalidConfig)
+	}
+
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if _, ok := m.senders[name]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %q already registered", ErrInvalidConfig, name)
+	}
+	m.senders[name] = senderEntry{instance: name, sender: s}
+	if m.def == "" {
+		m.def = name
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Unregister 注销指定实例名的通道
+func (m *Manager) Unregister(name string) {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(m.senders, name)
+	if m.def == name {
+		m.def = ""
+		for n := range m.senders {
+			m.def = n
+			break
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// SetDefault 设置默认通道实例
+func (m *Manager) SetDefault(name string) error {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if _, ok := m.senders[name]; !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %q", ErrSenderNotFound, name)
+	}
+	m.def = name
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Sender 按实例名获取已注册的通道；name 为空时返回默认实例
+func (m *Manager) Sender(name string) (Sender, error) {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if name == "" {
+		name = m.def
+	}
+	if name == "" {
+		return nil, ErrSenderNotFound
+	}
+	e, ok := m.senders[name]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %q", ErrSenderNotFound, name)
+	}
+	return e.sender, nil
+}
+
+// Registered 判断指定实例名的通道是否已注册
+func (m *Manager) Registered(name string) bool {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+	_, ok := m.senders[name]
+	return ok
+}
+
+// Names 返回所有已注册通道的实例名（顺序不保证稳定）。
+// 如需包含通道类型信息，请使用 Senders。
+func (m *Manager) Names() []string {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(m.senders))
+	for n := range m.senders {
+		names = append(names, n)
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+// Senders 返回所有已注册通道实例的信息列表（含实例名与通道类型）。
+func (m *Manager) Senders() []SenderInfo {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+	infos := make([]SenderInfo, 0, len(m.senders))
+	for _, e := range m.senders {
+		infos = append(infos, SenderInfo{Name: e.instance, Type: e.sender.Name()})
+	}
+	return infos
+}
+
+// Default 返回当前默认通道实例名（无默认时返回空串）
+func (m *Manager) Default() string {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+	return m.def
+}
+
+// SetLogger 设置管理器全局日志器
+func (m *Manager) SetLogger(l Logger) *Manager {
+	if l != nil {
+		m.loggerMu.Lock()
+		m.logger = l
+		m.loggerMu.Unlock()
+	}
+	return m
+}
+
+// Logger 返回管理器当前的日志器
+func (m *Manager) Logger() Logger {
+	m.loggerMu.RLock()
+	defer m.loggerMu.RUnlock()
+	return m.logger
+}
+
+// Send 使用默认通道发送
+func (m *Manager) Send(ctx context.Context, msg *Message) error {
+	return m.SendWith(ctx, "", msg)
+}
+
+// SendWith 使用指定实例名的通道发送（发送时指定配置/通道）
+func (m *Manager) SendWith(ctx context.Context, name string, msg *Message) error {
+	s, err := m.Sender(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return m.dispatch(ctx, s, msg)
+}
+
+// SendBy 使用临时传入的通道发送，无需提前注册（发送时指定配置）
+func (m *Manager) SendBy(ctx context.Context, s Sender, msg *Message) error {
+	if s == nil {
+		return ErrInvalidConfig
+	}
+	return m.dispatch(ctx, s, msg)
+}
+
+// dispatch 统一校验消息并注入日志器后发送
+func (m *Manager) dispatch(ctx context.Context, s Sender, msg *Message) error {
+	if msg == nil {
+		return ErrInvalidMessage
+	}
+	if err := msg.Validate(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrInvalidMessage, err)
+	}
+	logger := m.Logger()
+	start := time.Now()
+	err := s.Send(WithLogger(ctx, logger), msg)
+	elapsed := time.Since(start)
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Errorf(ctx, "mailx: send via %q failed in %v: %v", s.Name(), elapsed, err)
+		return err
+	}
+	logger.Infof(ctx, "mailx: sent via %q to %v in %v", s.Name(), msg.To, elapsed)
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/manager_test.go b/manager_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..faa9c5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/manager_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
+package mailx_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+func TestNewManagerEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	if _, err := m.Sender(""); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Sender() on empty manager should error")
+	}
+	if err := m.Send(context.Background(), mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Send() on empty manager should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegisterSetsDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	if err := m.Register(newMockSender("a")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := m.Register(newMockSender("b")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	s, err := m.Sender("")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if s.Name() != "a" {
+		t.Errorf("default sender = %q, want a", s.Name())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegisterDuplicate(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("a"))
+	err := m.Register(newMockSender("a"))
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "already registered") {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want already registered", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegisterNil(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	if err := m.Register(nil); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Register(nil) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegisterEmptyName(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	if err := m.Register(newMockSender("")); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Register(empty name) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUnregister(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("a"))
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("b"))
+
+	m.Unregister("a")
+	s, err := m.Sender("")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if s.Name() != "b" {
+		t.Errorf("fallback default = %q, want b", s.Name())
+	}
+
+	// 注销最后一个后不再有默认通道
+	m.Unregister("b")
+	if _, err := m.Sender(""); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error after unregistering all senders")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("a"))
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("b"))
+
+	if err := m.SetDefault("b"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	s, _ := m.Sender("")
+	if s.Name() != "b" {
+		t.Errorf("default = %q, want b", s.Name())
+	}
+
+	if err := m.SetDefault("nope"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("SetDefault(unknown) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSenderLookup(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("a"))
+
+	if _, err := m.Sender("a"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Sender(a) = %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := m.Sender("nope"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Sender(unknown) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSend(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	mock := newMockSender("mock")
+	_ = m.Register(mock)
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Body("b").Build()
+	if err := m.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if mock.count() != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("send count = %d, want 1", mock.count())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendWithRoutesByName(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	a := newMockSender("a")
+	b := newMockSender("b")
+	_ = m.Register(a)
+	_ = m.Register(b)
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("x@y.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	if err := m.SendWith(context.Background(), "b", msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if a.count() != 0 || b.count() != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("a=%d b=%d, want a=0 b=1", a.count(), b.count())
+	}
+
+	if err := m.SendWith(context.Background(), "nope", msg); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("SendWith(unknown) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendBy(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	mock := newMockSender("temp")
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("x@y.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	if err := m.SendBy(context.Background(), mock, msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if mock.count() != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("count = %d, want 1", mock.count())
+	}
+
+	if err := m.SendBy(context.Background(), nil, msg); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("SendBy(nil) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendValidation(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("mock"))
+
+	if err := m.Send(context.Background(), nil); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Send(nil) should error")
+	}
+	if err := m.Send(context.Background(), &mailx.Message{Subject: "s"}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("message without recipients should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendErrorPropagated(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	mock := newMockSender("mock")
+	mock.err = errors.New("boom")
+	_ = m.Register(mock)
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	err := m.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "boom") {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want containing boom", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendInjectsLogger(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	mock := newMockSender("mock")
+	_ = m.Register(mock)
+	m.SetLogger(recordingLogger{})
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	if err := m.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// 发送时 context 应带有管理器注入的 logger（通道可通过 LoggerFromContext 取到）
+	if _, ok := mock.lastLogger().(recordingLogger); !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("injected logger type = %T, want recordingLogger", mock.lastLogger())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestQueryMethods(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("a"))
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("b"))
+
+	if !m.Registered("a") || !m.Registered("b") {
+		t.Error("Registered() should be true for registered senders")
+	}
+	if m.Registered("nope") {
+		t.Error("Registered() should be false for unknown sender")
+	}
+
+	names := m.Names()
+	if len(names) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Names() = %v, want 2", names)
+	}
+	seen := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, n := range names {
+		seen[n] = true
+	}
+	if !seen["a"] || !seen["b"] {
+		t.Errorf("Names() missing a/b: %v", names)
+	}
+
+	if m.Default() != "a" {
+		t.Errorf("Default() = %q, want a", m.Default())
+	}
+	_ = m.SetDefault("b")
+	if m.Default() != "b" {
+		t.Errorf("Default() = %q, want b", m.Default())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestErrSentinel(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("mock"))
+
+	// 空 manager 且未注册任何通道时，查默认通道返回 ErrSenderNotFound
+	if _, err := mailx.NewManager().Sender(""); !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSenderNotFound) {
+		t.Errorf("Sender() on empty manager = %v, want ErrSenderNotFound", err)
+	}
+	// 未注册的名称返回 ErrSenderNotFound
+	if _, err := m.Sender("nope"); !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSenderNotFound) {
+		t.Errorf("Sender(unknown) = %v, want ErrSenderNotFound", err)
+	}
+	// 消息校验失败返回 ErrInvalidMessage
+	if err := m.Send(context.Background(), &mailx.Message{Subject: "s"}); !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidMessage) {
+		t.Errorf("Send(no recipients) = %v, want ErrInvalidMessage", err)
+	}
+	// 非法配置返回 ErrInvalidConfig
+	if err := m.Register(nil); !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig) {
+		t.Errorf("Register(nil) = %v, want ErrInvalidConfig", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConcurrentRegisterUnregister 验证并发注册/注销不 panic 且不丢数据
+func TestConcurrentRegisterUnregister(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("base"))
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	const n = 30
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(i int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			name := fmt.Sprintf("sender-%d", i)
+			_ = m.RegisterNamed(name, newMockSender("mock"))
+			msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+			_ = m.SendWith(ctx, name, msg)
+			m.Unregister(name)
+		}(i)
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+	if !m.Registered("base") {
+		t.Error("base sender should still be registered")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestConcurrentSetLogger(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("mock"))
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	const n = 100
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(i int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			if i%2 == 0 {
+				m.SetLogger(recordingLogger{})
+			} else {
+				_ = m.Send(ctx, msg) // 内部读取 Logger，验证并发读写不 panic/不竞态
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+	// Logger() 应始终返回非 nil 且类型正确
+	if _, ok := m.Logger().(recordingLogger); !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("Logger() type = %T, want recordingLogger", m.Logger())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestConcurrentSend(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	mock := newMockSender("mock")
+	_ = m.Register(mock)
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	const n = 50
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			if err := m.Send(ctx, msg); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Send: %v", err)
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	if mock.count() != n {
+		t.Fatalf("count = %d, want %d", mock.count(), n)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRegisterNamedSameType 验证同一通道类型可注册多份不同配置的实例
+func TestRegisterNamedSameType(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+
+	main := newMockSender("smtp")
+	backup := newMockSender("smtp")
+
+	if err := m.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", main); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := m.RegisterNamed("smtp-backup", backup); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// 两个实例都注册成功
+	if len(m.Names()) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Names() = %v, want 2 instances", m.Names())
+	}
+	// 类型相同但实例不同
+	infos := m.Senders()
+	if len(infos) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Senders() = %v, want 2", infos)
+	}
+	for _, info := range infos {
+		if info.Type != "smtp" {
+			t.Errorf("SenderInfo.Type = %q, want smtp", info.Type)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// 按实例名路由发送到具体配置
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	if err := m.SendWith(context.Background(), "smtp-backup", msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if main.count() != 0 || backup.count() != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("main=%d backup=%d, want main=0 backup=1", main.count(), backup.count())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRegisterNamedDuplicateInstance 验证实例名冲突时报错
+func TestRegisterNamedDuplicateInstance(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", newMockSender("smtp"))
+	err := m.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", newMockSender("smtp"))
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "already registered") {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want already registered", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRegisterNamedEmptyName 验证空实例名时报错
+func TestRegisterNamedEmptyName(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	if err := m.RegisterNamed("", newMockSender("smtp")); !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig) {
+		t.Fatalf("err = %v, want ErrInvalidConfig", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRegisterSameTypeDirect 验证 Register 用通道类型名注册时，同类型只允许一个（默认实例）
+func TestRegisterSameTypeDirect(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.Register(newMockSender("smtp"))
+	if err := m.Register(newMockSender("smtp")); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Register(same type) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendersInfo 验证 Senders() 返回实例名与类型
+func TestSendersInfo(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", newMockSender("smtp"))
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("aliyun-prod", newMockSender("aliyun"))
+
+	infos := m.Senders()
+	want := map[string]string{"smtp-main": "smtp", "aliyun-prod": "aliyun"}
+	got := map[string]string{}
+	for _, i := range infos {
+		got[i.Name] = i.Type
+	}
+	for k, v := range want {
+		if got[k] != v {
+			t.Errorf("Senders()[%s] = %q, want %q (all: %+v)", k, got[k], v, infos)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(got) != len(want) {
+		t.Errorf("Senders() count = %d, want %d", len(got), len(want))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestUnregisterNamedInstance 验证按实例名注销后不再路由
+func TestUnregisterNamedInstance(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	main := newMockSender("smtp")
+	backup := newMockSender("smtp")
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", main)
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("smtp-backup", backup)
+
+	m.Unregister("smtp-main")
+	if m.Registered("smtp-main") {
+		t.Error("smtp-main should be unregistered")
+	}
+	if !m.Registered("smtp-backup") {
+		t.Error("smtp-backup should remain registered")
+	}
+
+	// 注销的实例不可再路由
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	if err := m.SendWith(context.Background(), "smtp-main", msg); !errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSenderNotFound) {
+		t.Errorf("SendWith(unregistered) = %v, want ErrSenderNotFound", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestUnregisterLastFallback 验证注销默认实例后自动回退到其他实例
+func TestUnregisterLastFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("a", newMockSender("smtp"))
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("b", newMockSender("aliyun"))
+
+	if m.Default() != "a" {
+		t.Fatalf("Default() = %q, want a", m.Default())
+	}
+	m.Unregister("a")
+	if m.Default() != "b" {
+		t.Errorf("Default() after unregister = %q, want b", m.Default())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSetDefaultNamedInstance 验证 SetDefault 支持实例名
+func TestSetDefaultNamedInstance(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewManager()
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", newMockSender("smtp"))
+	_ = m.RegisterNamed("smtp-backup", newMockSender("smtp"))
+
+	if err := m.SetDefault("smtp-backup"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	s, _ := m.Sender("")
+	if s.Name() != "smtp" {
+		t.Errorf("default sender type = %q, want smtp", s.Name())
+	}
+	// 确认默认实例是 backup（发送到 backup）
+	backup, _ := m.Sender("smtp-backup")
+	if _, ok := backup.(*mockSender); !ok || m.Default() != "smtp-backup" {
+		t.Errorf("Default() = %q, want smtp-backup", m.Default())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/message.go b/message.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f720d97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/message.go
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+package mailx
+
+import "fmt"
+
+// Message 邮件消息
+type Message struct {
+	From        string        // 发件人（可含显示名，如 "张三" <a@b.com>）
+	To          []string      // 收件人（可含显示名）
+	Cc          []string      // 抄送（可含显示名）
+	Bcc         []string      // 密送（可含显示名）
+	Subject     string        // 主题
+	TextBody    string        // 纯文本正文（可选，推荐设置以便纯文本客户端阅读）
+	Body        string        // HTML 正文（可选，若同时设置 TextBody 则邮件含纯文本与 HTML 两个版本）
+	Headers     map[string]string // 自定义邮件头（可选），如 {"List-Unsubscribe": "<...>"}
+	ReplyTo     string        // 回复地址
+	Attachments []Attachment  // 附件
+	Inline      []InlineImage // 内嵌图片（HTML 中用 <img src="cid:..."> 引用）
+}
+
+// Attachment 附件（普通附件，下载式）
+type Attachment struct {
+	Name string // 附件名称（可选，默认取 Path 的文件名）
+	Path string // 附件文件路径（Path 与 Data 二选一）
+	Data []byte // 附件内容（Path 与 Data 二选一）
+}
+
+// InlineImage 内嵌图片（HTML 邮件正文中引用的图片，显示在正文内）
+type InlineImage struct {
+	CID      string // Content-ID，HTML 中用 src="cid:<CID>" 引用
+	Name     string // 图片名称（可选，默认取 Path 的文件名或 "inline"）
+	Path     string // 图片文件路径（Path 与 Data 二选一）
+	Data     []byte // 图片内容（Path 与 Data 二选一）
+	MIMEType string // MIME 类型（可选，如 image/png；留空则由扩展名推断或默认 image/octet-stream）
+}
+
+// 单封邮件的生产建议上限
+const (
+	MaxRecipients   = 50            // 收件人 + 抄送 + 密送的总上限，防止滥用
+	MaxAttachments  = 20            // 附件数量上限
+	MaxMessageSize  = 25 * 1024 * 1024 // 整封邮件（正文 + 附件）的最大字节数，默认 25MB
+	MaxHeaderCount  = 20            // 自定义头数量上限
+)
+
+// Validate 校验消息必填项与基本约束
+func (m *Message) Validate() error {
+	if len(m.To) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: requires at least one recipient", ErrInvalidMessage)
+	}
+	if m.Subject == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: requires a subject", ErrInvalidMessage)
+	}
+	if m.From != "" && !IsValidAddress(m.From) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: invalid From address %q", ErrInvalidMessage, m.From)
+	}
+	for _, addr := range m.allRecipients() {
+		if !IsValidAddress(addr) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: invalid recipient address %q", ErrInvalidMessage, addr)
+		}
+	}
+	total := len(m.To) + len(m.Cc) + len(m.Bcc)
+	if total > MaxRecipients {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: too many recipients (%d > %d)", ErrInvalidMessage, total, MaxRecipients)
+	}
+	if len(m.Attachments) > MaxAttachments {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: too many attachments (%d > %d)", ErrInvalidMessage, len(m.Attachments), MaxAttachments)
+	}
+	for _, inl := range m.Inline {
+		if inl.CID == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: inline image requires a CID", ErrInvalidMessage)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(m.Headers) > MaxHeaderCount {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: too many custom headers (%d > %d)", ErrInvalidMessage, len(m.Headers), MaxHeaderCount)
+	}
+	if size := m.size(); size > MaxMessageSize {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: message too large (%d > %d bytes)", ErrInvalidMessage, size, MaxMessageSize)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// size 估算整封邮件的字节数（正文 + 附件 + 内嵌图片）
+func (m *Message) size() int {
+	n := len(m.Body) + len(m.TextBody)
+	for _, att := range m.Attachments {
+		n += len(att.Data)
+	}
+	for _, inl := range m.Inline {
+		n += len(inl.Data)
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// allRecipients 汇总所有接收方地址
+func (m *Message) allRecipients() []string {
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(m.To)+len(m.Cc)+len(m.Bcc))
+	out = append(out, m.To...)
+	out = append(out, m.Cc...)
+	out = append(out, m.Bcc...)
+	return out
+}
+
+// MessageBuilder 消息构建器，支持链式调用
+type MessageBuilder struct {
+	msg *Message
+}
+
+// NewMessage 创建消息构建器
+func NewMessage() *MessageBuilder {
+	return &MessageBuilder{msg: &Message{}}
+}
+
+// From 设置发件人（可含显示名，如 "张三" <a@b.com>）
+func (b *MessageBuilder) From(from string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.From = from
+	return b
+}
+
+// To 添加收件人
+func (b *MessageBuilder) To(to ...string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.To = append(b.msg.To, to...)
+	return b
+}
+
+// Cc 添加抄送
+func (b *MessageBuilder) Cc(cc ...string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Cc = append(b.msg.Cc, cc...)
+	return b
+}
+
+// Bcc 添加密送
+func (b *MessageBuilder) Bcc(bcc ...string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Bcc = append(b.msg.Bcc, bcc...)
+	return b
+}
+
+// Subject 设置主题
+func (b *MessageBuilder) Subject(subject string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Subject = subject
+	return b
+}
+
+// Body 设置 HTML 正文（等价于 HTML）。
+// 如需同时提供纯文本版本给不支持 HTML 的客户端，请再调用 Text。
+func (b *MessageBuilder) Body(body string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Body = body
+	return b
+}
+
+// Text 设置纯文本正文（可选，便于纯文本邮件客户端阅读）
+func (b *MessageBuilder) Text(text string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.TextBody = text
+	return b
+}
+
+// HTML 设置正文（HTML）
+func (b *MessageBuilder) HTML(html string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Body = html
+	return b
+}
+
+// ReplyTo 设置回复地址
+func (b *MessageBuilder) ReplyTo(replyTo string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.ReplyTo = replyTo
+	return b
+}
+
+// Header 设置一个自定义邮件头（如 "List-Unsubscribe"、"X-Mailer"）。
+// 与标准头（From/To/Subject 等）重名时，自定义值不会覆盖标准头。
+func (b *MessageBuilder) Header(key, value string) *MessageBuilder {
+	if b.msg.Headers == nil {
+		b.msg.Headers = make(map[string]string)
+	}
+	b.msg.Headers[key] = value
+	return b
+}
+
+// Attach 添加文件附件（按路径）
+func (b *MessageBuilder) Attach(path string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Attachments = append(b.msg.Attachments, Attachment{
+		Name: fileBaseName(path),
+		Path: path,
+	})
+	return b
+}
+
+// AttachBytes 添加内存附件（按字节内容）
+func (b *MessageBuilder) AttachBytes(name string, data []byte) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Attachments = append(b.msg.Attachments, Attachment{
+		Name: name,
+		Data: data,
+	})
+	return b
+}
+
+// InlineImage 添加内嵌图片（按路径），HTML 中用 <img src="cid:<cid>">
+func (b *MessageBuilder) InlineImage(cid, path string) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Inline = append(b.msg.Inline, InlineImage{
+		CID:  cid,
+		Name: fileBaseName(path),
+		Path: path,
+	})
+	return b
+}
+
+// InlineImageBytes 添加内存内嵌图片，HTML 中用 <img src="cid:<cid>">
+func (b *MessageBuilder) InlineImageBytes(cid, name string, data []byte) *MessageBuilder {
+	b.msg.Inline = append(b.msg.Inline, InlineImage{
+		CID:  cid,
+		Name: name,
+		Data: data,
+	})
+	return b
+}
+
+// Build 生成消息
+func (b *MessageBuilder) Build() *Message {
+	return b.msg
+}
diff --git a/message_test.go b/message_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a57822
--- /dev/null
+++ b/message_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+package mailx_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+// manyValidAddresses 生成 n 个合法地址
+func manyValidAddresses(n int) []string {
+	out := make([]string, n)
+	for i := range out {
+		out[i] = fmt.Sprintf("user%d@example.com", i)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// manyHeaders 生成 n 个自定义头
+func manyHeaders(n int) map[string]string {
+	out := make(map[string]string, n)
+	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		out[fmt.Sprintf("X-Test-%d", i)] = "v"
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func TestMessageBuilder(t *testing.T) {
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("sender@example.com").
+		To("a@example.com", "b@example.com").
+		Cc("cc@example.com").
+		Bcc("bcc@example.com").
+		Subject("subject").
+		Body("body").
+		ReplyTo("reply@example.com").
+		Attach("dir/file.txt").
+		AttachBytes("data.txt", []byte("hello")).
+		Build()
+
+	if msg.From != "sender@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("From = %q", msg.From)
+	}
+	if len(msg.To) != 2 || msg.To[0] != "a@example.com" || msg.To[1] != "b@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("To = %v", msg.To)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Cc) != 1 || msg.Cc[0] != "cc@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Cc = %v", msg.Cc)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Bcc) != 1 || msg.Bcc[0] != "bcc@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Bcc = %v", msg.Bcc)
+	}
+	if msg.Subject != "subject" || msg.Body != "body" || msg.ReplyTo != "reply@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("fields mismatch: %+v", msg)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Attachments) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Attachments len = %d, want 2", len(msg.Attachments))
+	}
+	if msg.Attachments[0].Name != "file.txt" || msg.Attachments[0].Path != "dir/file.txt" {
+		t.Errorf("attachment[0] = %+v", msg.Attachments[0])
+	}
+	if msg.Attachments[1].Name != "data.txt" || string(msg.Attachments[1].Data) != "hello" {
+		t.Errorf("attachment[1] = %+v", msg.Attachments[1])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMessageBuilderHTML(t *testing.T) {
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().HTML("<h1>hi</h1>").Build()
+	if msg.Body != "<h1>hi</h1>" {
+		t.Errorf("HTML() did not set Body, got %q", msg.Body)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMessageBuilderAppendTo(t *testing.T) {
+	b := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@example.com")
+	b.To("b@example.com") // 追加而非覆盖
+	msg := b.Build()
+	if len(msg.To) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("To = %v, want 2 recipients", msg.To)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMessageValidate(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		msg     *mailx.Message
+		wantErr string
+	}{
+		{"valid", &mailx.Message{To: []string{"a@b.com"}, Subject: "s"}, ""},
+		{"no recipients", &mailx.Message{Subject: "s"}, "recipient"},
+		{"no subject", &mailx.Message{To: []string{"a@b.com"}}, "subject"},
+		{"empty", &mailx.Message{}, "recipient"},
+		{"too many recipients", &mailx.Message{To: manyValidAddresses(mailx.MaxRecipients + 1), Subject: "s"}, "too many recipients"},
+		{"invalid recipient", &mailx.Message{To: []string{"not-an-email"}, Subject: "s"}, "invalid recipient"},
+		{"too many attachments", &mailx.Message{To: []string{"a@b.com"}, Subject: "s", Attachments: make([]mailx.Attachment, mailx.MaxAttachments+1)}, "too many attachments"},
+		{"too many headers", &mailx.Message{To: []string{"a@b.com"}, Subject: "s", Headers: manyHeaders(mailx.MaxHeaderCount + 1)}, "too many custom headers"},
+		{"message too large", &mailx.Message{To: []string{"a@b.com"}, Subject: "s", Body: strings.Repeat("x", mailx.MaxMessageSize+1)}, "message too large"},
+		{"inline without cid", &mailx.Message{To: []string{"a@b.com"}, Subject: "s", Inline: []mailx.InlineImage{{Data: []byte{1}}}}, "requires a CID"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := tc.msg.Validate()
+			if tc.wantErr == "" {
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("Validate() = %v, want nil", err)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tc.wantErr) {
+				t.Fatalf("Validate() = %v, want containing %q", err, tc.wantErr)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+
diff --git a/message_util_test.go b/message_util_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cac87f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/message_util_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+package mailx_test
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+func TestAddressHelpers(t *testing.T) {
+	// 纯地址
+	if !mailx.IsValidAddress("a@example.com") {
+		t.Error("IsValidAddress(a@example.com) = false")
+	}
+	// 显示名
+	if !mailx.IsValidAddress(`"张三" <a@example.com>`) {
+		t.Error("IsValidAddress(with display name) = false")
+	}
+	// 非法
+	if mailx.IsValidAddress("not-an-email") {
+		t.Error("IsValidAddress(not-an-email) = true")
+	}
+	if mailx.IsValidAddress("") {
+		t.Error("IsValidAddress(empty) = true")
+	}
+
+	// ExtractEmail 提取纯地址
+	addr, err := mailx.ExtractEmail(`"张三" <a@example.com>`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if addr != "a@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("ExtractEmail = %q, want a@example.com", addr)
+	}
+	// ExtractEmail 纯地址原样返回
+	addr, err = mailx.ExtractEmail("a@example.com")
+	if err != nil || addr != "a@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("ExtractEmail(plain) = %q, %v", addr, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAddressList(t *testing.T) {
+	addrs, err := mailx.AddressList(`"A" <a@e.com>, b@e.com; c@e.com`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(addrs) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("AddressList len = %d, want 3", len(addrs))
+	}
+	if addrs[0].Address != "a@e.com" || addrs[1].Address != "b@e.com" || addrs[2].Address != "c@e.com" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected addresses: %+v", addrs)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFromBytes(t *testing.T) {
+	m := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("a@e.com").
+		To("b@e.com").
+		Subject("s").
+		Text("t").
+		HTML("<p>h</p>").
+		Build()
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got, err := mailx.FromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got.From != "a@e.com" || got.Subject != "s" || got.Body != "<p>h</p>" {
+		t.Errorf("FromBytes mismatch: %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFromBytesInvalid(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := mailx.FromBytes([]byte("not json")); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("FromBytes(invalid) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFromMap(t *testing.T) {
+	m := map[string]any{
+		"from":    "a@e.com",
+		"to":      "b@e.com, c@e.com",
+		"cc":      []string{"d@e.com"},
+		"subject": "hello",
+		"text":    "plain",
+		"html":    "<b>hi</b>",
+		"replyto": "r@e.com",
+	}
+	msg, err := mailx.FromMap(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if msg.From != "a@e.com" || msg.Subject != "hello" {
+		t.Errorf("FromMap fields: %+v", msg)
+	}
+	if len(msg.To) != 2 || msg.To[0] != "b@e.com" || msg.To[1] != "c@e.com" {
+		t.Errorf("FromMap To: %v", msg.To)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Cc) != 1 || msg.Cc[0] != "d@e.com" {
+		t.Errorf("FromMap Cc: %v", msg.Cc)
+	}
+	if msg.TextBody != "plain" || msg.Body != "<b>hi</b>" {
+		t.Errorf("FromMap bodies: text=%q html=%q", msg.TextBody, msg.Body)
+	}
+	if msg.ReplyTo != "r@e.com" {
+		t.Errorf("FromMap ReplyTo: %q", msg.ReplyTo)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFromMapNil(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := mailx.FromMap(nil); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("FromMap(nil) should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFromMapAttachments(t *testing.T) {
+	m := map[string]any{
+		"to": "a@e.com",
+		"attachments": []any{
+			map[string]any{"name": "x.txt", "path": "tmp/x.txt"},
+		},
+	}
+	msg, err := mailx.FromMap(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Attachments) != 1 || msg.Attachments[0].Name != "x.txt" {
+		t.Errorf("FromMap attachments: %+v", msg.Attachments)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFromMapAttachmentNoName 验证附件 map 缺 name 键时不 panic，且 name 从 path 推导
+func TestFromMapAttachmentNoName(t *testing.T) {
+	m := map[string]any{
+		"to": "a@e.com",
+		"attachments": []any{
+			map[string]any{"path": "tmp/report.pdf"}, // 无 name
+		},
+	}
+	msg, err := mailx.FromMap(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Attachments) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("attachments = %+v, want 1", msg.Attachments)
+	}
+	if msg.Attachments[0].Name != "report.pdf" {
+		t.Errorf("Name = %q, want derived report.pdf", msg.Attachments[0].Name)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFromMapAttachmentTypeError 验证 attachments 类型非法时返回错误而非 panic
+func TestFromMapAttachmentTypeError(t *testing.T) {
+	m := map[string]any{
+		"to":          "a@e.com",
+		"attachments": "not-a-list", // 非法类型
+	}
+	if _, err := mailx.FromMap(m); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("FromMap with invalid attachments type should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsHTML(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		in   string
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{"<p>hi</p>", true},
+		{"<h1>hello</h1>", true},
+		{"<div class=\"a\">x</div>", true},
+		{"a < b > c", false},        // 普通比较，不应误判
+		{"plain text", false},       // 纯文本
+		{"<123>", false},            // 无有效标签名
+		{"<!-- comment -->", false}, // 注释
+		{"", false},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := mailx.IsHTML(c.in); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("IsHTML(%q) = %v, want %v", c.in, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFromMapAttachmentPaths 验证 attachments 为 []string（路径列表）
+func TestFromMapAttachmentPaths(t *testing.T) {
+	m := map[string]any{
+		"to":          "a@e.com",
+		"attachments": []string{"tmp/a.txt", "tmp/b.txt"},
+	}
+	msg, err := mailx.FromMap(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Attachments) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("attachments = %+v, want 2", msg.Attachments)
+	}
+	if msg.Attachments[0].Name != "a.txt" || msg.Attachments[0].Path != "tmp/a.txt" {
+		t.Errorf("attachments[0] = %+v", msg.Attachments[0])
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFromMapToListVariants 验证收件人多种输入形式
+func TestFromMapToListVariants(t *testing.T) {
+	// []any 形式
+	m := map[string]any{"to": []any{"a@e.com", "b@e.com"}}
+	msg, err := mailx.FromMap(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(msg.To) != 2 || msg.To[0] != "a@e.com" {
+		t.Errorf("To = %v", msg.To)
+	}
+
+	// 非法类型
+	m = map[string]any{"to": 123}
+	if _, err := mailx.FromMap(m); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("To with invalid type should error")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFromMapBodyFallback 验证 html 优先于 body
+func TestFromMapBodyFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	m := map[string]any{
+		"to":   "a@e.com",
+		"body": "plain body",
+		"html": "<b>html body</b>",
+	}
+	msg, err := mailx.FromMap(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if msg.Body != "<b>html body</b>" {
+		t.Errorf("Body = %q, want html preferred", msg.Body)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFromBytesAllFields 验证 JSON 反序列化完整字段
+func TestFromBytesAllFields(t *testing.T) {
+	data := []byte(`{
+		"from": "a@e.com",
+		"to": ["b@e.com"],
+		"cc": ["c@e.com"],
+		"bcc": ["d@e.com"],
+		"subject": "s",
+		"textbody": "t",
+		"body": "<p>h</p>",
+		"replyto": "r@e.com",
+		"attachments": [{"name": "a.txt", "data": "aGk="}],
+		"inline": [{"cid": "cid1", "name": "i.png", "data": "aGk="}]
+	}`)
+	msg, err := mailx.FromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if msg.From != "a@e.com" || len(msg.To) != 1 || msg.To[0] != "b@e.com" {
+		t.Errorf("fields: %+v", msg)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Cc) != 1 || len(msg.Bcc) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("cc/bcc: %+v", msg)
+	}
+	if msg.TextBody != "t" || msg.Body != "<p>h</p>" || msg.ReplyTo != "r@e.com" {
+		t.Errorf("body fields: %+v", msg)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Attachments) != 1 || msg.Attachments[0].Name != "a.txt" {
+		t.Errorf("attachments: %+v", msg.Attachments)
+	}
+	if len(msg.Inline) != 1 || msg.Inline[0].CID != "cid1" {
+		t.Errorf("inline: %+v", msg.Inline)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/mock_test.go b/mock_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1bc6bfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mock_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package mailx_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+// mockSender 记录收到的消息与注入的 logger，用于测试 Manager，不产生真实网络请求
+type mockSender struct {
+	name string
+	err  error // 非 nil 时 Send 返回该错误
+
+	mu     sync.Mutex
+	msgs   []*mailx.Message
+	logger mailx.Logger
+}
+
+func newMockSender(name string) *mockSender {
+	return &mockSender{name: name}
+}
+
+func (m *mockSender) Name() string { return m.name }
+
+func (m *mockSender) Send(ctx context.Context, msg *mailx.Message) error {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	m.logger = mailx.LoggerFromContext(ctx)
+	if m.err != nil {
+		return m.err
+	}
+	m.msgs = append(m.msgs, msg)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *mockSender) count() int {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	return len(m.msgs)
+}
+
+func (m *mockSender) lastLogger() mailx.Logger {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	return m.logger
+}
+
+var _ mailx.Sender = (*mockSender)(nil)
diff --git a/old/asset/hhh.txt b/old/asset/hhh.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 1e4d056..0000000
--- a/old/asset/hhh.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-hhhhhhhhhhh
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/old/asset/余额宝.png b/old/asset/余额宝.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 43c8e4aaca2d557149ae76faf402a94464827ab8..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
GIT binary patch
literal 0
HcmV?d00001

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diff --git a/old/html.go b/old/html.go
deleted file mode 100644
index b40298a..0000000
--- a/old/html.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-package mailx
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-
-	"github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
-)
-
-// 解析HTML资源，响应资源链接
-func ParseHtmlResource(html string) ([]string, error) {
-	resp := []string{}
-
-	b := bytes.NewBufferString(html)
-	doc, err := goquery.NewDocumentFromReader(b)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// 找到所有的 css 标签，并且打印它们的 href 属性
-	doc.Find("link").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		// 忽略dns预请求
-		r, ok := s.Attr("rel")
-		if ok && r == "dns-prefetch" {
-			return
-		}
-
-		href, ok := s.Attr("href")
-		if ok && href != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, href)
-		}
-	})
-
-	// 找到所有的 script 标签，并且打印它们的 src 属性
-	doc.Find("script").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		src, ok := s.Attr("src")
-		if ok && src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, src)
-		}
-	})
-
-	// 找到所有的 img 标签，并且打印它们的 src 属性
-	doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		src, ok := s.Attr("src")
-		if ok && src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, src)
-		}
-		data_src, ok := s.Attr("data-src")
-		if ok && data_src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, data_src)
-		}
-	})
-
-	// 找到所有的 video 标签，并且打印它们的 src 属性
-	doc.Find("video").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		src, ok := s.Attr("src")
-		if ok && src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, src)
-		}
-
-		data_src, ok := s.Attr("data-src")
-		if ok && data_src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, data_src)
-		}
-	})
-
-	// 找到所有的 audio 标签，并且打印它们的 src 属性
-	doc.Find("audio").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
-		src, ok := s.Attr("src")
-
-		if ok && src != "" {
-			resp = append(resp, src)
-		}
-	})
-
-	return resp, nil
-
-}
diff --git a/old/html_test.go b/old/html_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 80c6a6f..0000000
--- a/old/html_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-package mailx_test
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
-)
-
-func TestParseHtmlResource(t *testing.T) {
-	html := `<!DOCTYPE html>
-	<html lang="en">
-	  <head>
-		<meta charset="UTF-8" />
-		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
-		<title>Document</title>
-		<link rel="stylesheet" href="./assets/css/index.css" />
-	  </head>
-	  <body>
-		<header class="header flex-center">
-		  <img src="./assets/img/ab-pay-logo.png" alt="" class="logo" />
-		</header>
-	
-		<main class="code-main">
-		  <div class="exception-title">您的收款方式审核失败</div>
-	
-		  <div class="exception-content">
-			尊敬的ABpay用户，您好！
-			您的收款方式审核失败，失败原因人脸识别失败，请检查您的面部是否被遮挡或处于模糊状态，并再次尝试。
-			如非本人操作，请立即修改密码或联系客服。
-		  </div>
-	
-		  <div class="exception-ignore">这是一条自动发送的消息，请勿回复</div>
-	
-		  <li class="exception-team-tips">ABpay开发者团队服务</li>
-	
-		  <section class="contact-us">
-			<div class="contact-us-info">
-			  本邮件由系统自动发出请勿回复，如需要了解更多服务，欢迎访问ABpay官方网
-			  还可以通以下方式联系我们
-			</div>
-	
-			<img src="./assets/img/contact-us-qrcode.png" alt="" class="qr-code" />
-			<div class="contact-tel">
-			  客服电话：<span class="contact-tel-number">400-278-2890</span>
-			</div>
-			<div class="contact-created-version">2024 ABpay.com.cn . All rightes reserved</div>
-		  </section>
-		</main>
-	  </body>
-	</html>
-	`
-
-	res, err := mailx.ParseHtmlResource(html)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	t.Log(res)
-
-}
diff --git a/old/mailx.go b/old/mailx.go
deleted file mode 100644
index f507cb9..0000000
--- a/old/mailx.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,202 +0,0 @@
-package mailx
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/base64"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/smtp"
-	"os"
-	"path"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-)
-
-// 邮件发送的封装
-// 1. 支持文本
-// 2. 支持文件
-
-type Mailx struct {
-	user     string
-	password string
-	host     string
-	port     string
-	auth     smtp.Auth
-}
-
-type Attachment struct {
-	Name        string
-	ContentType string
-	WithFile    bool
-}
-
-type Message struct {
-	Form    string
-	To      []string
-	Cc      []string
-	Bcc     []string
-	Subject string
-	Body    string
-	// ContentType string
-	ReplyTo    string
-	Attachment []Attachment
-}
-
-func NewMailx(user, password, host, port string) *Mailx {
-	m := &Mailx{
-		user:     user,
-		password: password,
-		host:     host,
-		port:     port,
-	}
-	m.auth = smtp.PlainAuth("", user, password, host)
-	return m
-}
-
-func (m *Mailx) Send(message Message) error {
-	// .Auth()
-	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
-	boundary := "YunBoundaryYun"
-
-	Header := make(map[string]string)
-	// Header["From"] = "BOP<" + message.Form + ">"
-	Header["From"] = m.user
-
-	if len(message.To) > 0 {
-		str := ""
-		for _, val := range message.To {
-			name := ""
-			s := strings.Split(val, "@")
-			if len(s) > 0 {
-				name = s[0]
-			}
-			str = str + "," + name + "<" + val + ">"
-		}
-		Header["To"] = strings.Trim(str, ",")
-		// Header["To"] = strings.Join(message.To, ",")
-	}
-	if len(message.Cc) > 0 {
-		str := ""
-		for _, val := range message.Cc {
-			name := ""
-			s := strings.Split(val, "@")
-			if len(s) > 0 {
-				name = s[0]
-			}
-			str = str + "," + name + "<" + val + ">"
-		}
-		Header["Cc"] = strings.Trim(str, ",")
-		// Header["Cc"] = strings.Join(message.Cc, ",")
-	}
-	if len(message.Bcc) > 0 {
-		str := ""
-		for _, val := range message.Bcc {
-			name := ""
-			s := strings.Split(val, "@")
-			if len(s) > 0 {
-				name = s[0]
-			}
-			str = str + "," + name + "<" + val + ">"
-		}
-		Header["Bcc"] = strings.Trim(str, ",")
-		// Header["Bcc"] = strings.Join(message.Bcc, ",")
-	}
-
-	Header["Subject"] = message.Subject
-	Header["Content-Type"] = "multipart/mixed; charset=UTF-8; boundary=" + boundary
-	Header["Date"] = time.Now().String()
-	Header["Reply-To"] = message.ReplyTo
-
-	Header["X-Priority"] = "3"
-	m.writeHeader(buffer, Header)
-
-	body := "--" + boundary + "\r\n"
-	// body += "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 \r\n"
-	body += "Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8\r\n"
-	body += "Content-Transfer-Encoding:quoted-printable\r\n\r\n"
-	// body += "<html><body><h1>huang</h1><h2>xin</h2></body></html>\r\n"
-	body += "<html><body>" + message.Body + "</body></html>\r\n"
-	// body += "--" + boundary + "--\r\n\r\n"
-	buffer.WriteString(body)
-
-	for _, value := range message.Attachment {
-		newBuf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
-		err := m.writeFile(newBuf, value.Name)
-		if err != nil {
-			fmt.Println("file err:", err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		f_name := path.Base(value.Name)
-		attachment := "--" + boundary + "\r\n"
-		attachment += "Content-Transfer-Encoding:base64\r\n"
-		attachment += "Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=" + f_name + "\r\n"
-		attachment += "Content-Type: application/octet-stream;charset=utf-8;name=" + f_name + "\r\n"
-		// attachment += "Contment-Type:" + message.attachment.contentType + ";name=\"" + message.attachment.name + "\"\r\n"
-		buffer.WriteString(attachment)
-
-		buffer.WriteString(newBuf.String())
-
-		buffer.WriteString("\r\n")
-	}
-
-	if message.Form == "" {
-		message.Form = m.user
-	}
-
-	imgBuf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
-	err := m.writeFile(imgBuf, "./asset/余额宝.png")
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("file err: %w", err)
-	}
-	f_name:= "f_name"
-	attachment := "--" + boundary + "\r\n"
-	attachment += "Content-Transfer-Encoding:base64\r\n"
-	attachment += "Content-ID:myimage \r\n"
-	attachment += "Content-Disposition:inline;filename=" + f_name + ".png \r\n"
-	attachment += "Content-Type:image/png \r\n"
-	buffer.WriteString(attachment)
-
-	buffer.WriteString(imgBuf.String())
-
-	buffer.WriteString("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n")
-
-	b := buffer.Bytes()
-	err = smtp.SendMail(m.host+":"+m.port, m.auth, message.Form, message.To, b)
-	fmt.Println("发送结束：", err)
-	fmt.Println(string(b))
-	return err
-}
-
-
-
-// 格式化header
-func (m *Mailx) writeHeader(buffer *bytes.Buffer, Header map[string]string) string {
-	header := ""
-	// header := "Content-Type: multipart/mixed;charset=UTF-8;boundary=\"YunBoundaryYun\" \r\n"
-	for key, value := range Header {
-		if value != "" {
-			header += key + ": " + value + "\r\n"
-		}
-	}
-	header += "\r\n"
-	buffer.WriteString(header)
-	return header
-}
-
-// 格式化文件
-func (m *Mailx) writeFile(buffer *bytes.Buffer, fileName string) error {
-	file, err := os.ReadFile(fileName)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	payload := make([]byte, base64.StdEncoding.EncodedLen(len(file)))
-	base64.StdEncoding.Encode(payload, file)
-	buffer.WriteString("\r\n")
-	for index, line := 0, len(payload); index < line; index++ {
-		buffer.WriteByte(payload[index])
-		if (index+1)%76 == 0 {
-			buffer.WriteString("\r\n")
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/old/mailx_test.go b/old/mailx_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 00d6d06..0000000
--- a/old/mailx_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-package mailx_test
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"testing"
-
-	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/old"
-)
-
-func TestMail(t *testing.T) {
-	mail := mailx.NewMailx("support@email.blueoceanpay.com", "SupporT2017", "smtpdm-ap-southeast-1.aliyun.com", "80")
-
-	msg := mailx.Message{
-		// Form:    "support@email.blueoceanpay.com",
-		To: []string{"huangxinyun520@gmail.com", "995116474@qq.com"},
-		// Cc:         []string{"287852692@qq.com"},
-		// Bcc:        []string{"1362716835@qq.com"},
-		Subject: "test mail",
-		Body:    "<img src=\"cid:myimage\">dasdsadsasda<br>dasdsadsadsa",
-		Attachment: []mailx.Attachment{
-			{
-				Name:        "asset/hhh.txt",
-				ContentType: "",
-				WithFile:    true,
-			},
-			// {
-			// 	Name:        "/code/statistic/origin.xlsx",
-			// 	ContentType: "",
-			// 	WithFile:    true,
-			// },
-			// {
-			// 	Name:        "/code/statistic/out2.xlsx",
-			// 	ContentType: "",
-			// 	WithFile:    true,
-			// },
-		},
-	}
-
-	err := mail.Send(msg)
-	fmt.Println(err)
-}
-
-func TestQQ(t *testing.T) {
-
-	// 发件人邮箱
-	from := "995116474@qq.com"
-	// 授权码，而非密码
-	authCode := "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
-	// 收件人邮箱，可以是多个收件人
-	to := []string{"yun@yun.ink"}
-	// 邮件服务器信息
-	smtpHost := "smtp.qq.com"
-	smtpPort := "587" // 或使用465，根据你的SMTP服务器要求设置
-
-	mail := mailx.NewMailx(from, authCode, smtpHost, smtpPort)
-
-	msg := mailx.Message{
-		To:      to,
-		Subject: "test mail",
-		Body:    "测试",
-	}
-	err := mail.Send(msg)
-	fmt.Println(err)
-}
diff --git a/readme.md b/readme.md
index b9b8eaf..6bc78ba 100644
--- a/readme.md
+++ b/readme.md
@@ -1,6 +1,315 @@
+# mailx
 
-# 需优化事项
+多通道邮件发送库，统一接口、简单易用，支持 SMTP / 阿里云 / AWS SES / Mailgun 等多种通道，可自由扩展。
 
-1. 需要优化日志输出
+## 特性
+
+- **多通道接入**：`smtp`、`aliyun`、`aws`、`mailgun` 开箱即用，实现 `mailx.Sender` 接口即可扩展新通道
+- **链式消息构建**：`mailx.NewMessage()` 流式拼接邮件内容
+- **通道管理器**：注册多个通道，发送时按名称路由或临时指定配置
+- **发送时指定配置**：无需提前初始化，可在调用 `Send` 时传入任意通道配置
+- **日志可插拔**：定义轻量 `Logger` 接口，可适配 loggerx / zap / logrus 等任意日志库
+
+## 安装
+
+```bash
+go get code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx
+```
+
+## 快速开始
+
+> 第一次使用？推荐先跑通最简示例 `examples/quickstart`（逐行注释），
+> 再阅读下面的 API 说明，最后看 `examples/` 里的进阶示例。
+
+```bash
+# 克隆仓库后直接运行最简示例（需把其中 SMTP 配置换成你的）
+cd examples/quickstart && go run main.go
+```
 
 
+### 方式一：单个通道直接发送
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	err := smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host:     "smtp.qq.com",
+		Port:     587,
+		User:     "sender@qq.com",
+		Password: "authorization-code",
+		From:     "sender@qq.com", // 可选，默认取 User
+	}).Send(ctx, mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("receiver@example.com").
+		Subject("Hello").
+		HTML("<h1>Hello world</h1>").
+		Build())
+
+	fmt.Println(err)
+}
+```
+
+### 方式二：多通道管理器
+
+注册多个通道，发送时按名称切换，适合业务侧多通道路由/降级。
+
+```go
+mgr := mailx.NewManager()
+mgr.Register(smtp.New(smtp.Config{Host: "smtp.qq.com", Port: 587, User: "u", Password: "p"}))
+mgr.Register(aliyun.New(aliyun.Config{
+	AccessKeyID: "ak", AccessKeySecret: "sk", AccountName: "noreply@example.com",
+}))
+mgr.Register(aws.New(aws.Config{
+	AccessKeyID: "ak", AccessKeySecret: "sk", Region: "ap-northeast-1", Sender: "noreply@example.com",
+}))
+mgr.Register(mailgun.New(mailgun.Config{APIKey: "key", Domain: "mg.example.com", Sender: "noreply@example.com"}))
+
+// 可选：指定默认通道，不设置则使用第一个注册的通道
+mgr.SetDefault("aliyun")
+
+msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+	From("noreply@example.com").
+	To("user@example.com").
+	Subject("Hello").
+	Body("hi").
+	Build()
+
+mgr.Send(ctx, msg)             // 使用默认通道
+mgr.SendWith(ctx, "aws", msg)  // 使用指定通道
+```
+
+**同一通道类型注册多份不同配置**：用 `RegisterNamed` 指定实例名，即可注册多个 smtp 实例（如主备切换）。
+
+```go
+mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-main", smtp.New(smtp.Config{Host: "smtp.qq.com", Port: 465, User: "a@qq.com", Password: "main"}))
+mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-backup", smtp.New(smtp.Config{Host: "smtp.163.com", Port: 465, User: "a@163.com", Password: "backup"}))
+
+mgr.SendWith(ctx, "smtp-main", msg)    // 用主 SMTP
+mgr.SendWith(ctx, "smtp-backup", msg)  // 用备用 SMTP
+```
+
+> 说明：`Register(s)` 以通道类型名（`s.Name()`）作为实例名，同一类型仅能注册一个；需要多配置时用 `RegisterNamed(name, s)`。
+
+### 方式三：发送时临时指定配置
+
+通道无需提前注册，发送时直接传入带配置的通道实例。
+
+```go
+err := mgr.SendBy(ctx, mailgun.New(mailgun.Config{
+	APIKey: "another-key", Domain: "mg2.example.com", Sender: "noreply@example.com",
+}), msg)
+```
+
+## 消息构建 API
+
+| 方法 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- |
+| `From(addr)` | 发件人（可含显示名，如 `"张三" <a@b.com>`） |
+| `To(addr...)` / `Cc(...)` / `Bcc(...)` | 收件人 / 抄送 / 密送（可含显示名） |
+| `Subject(s)` | 主题 |
+| `Text(s)` | 纯文本正文（可选，推荐配合 HTML 使用） |
+| `Body(s)` / `HTML(s)` | 正文（HTML） |
+| `ReplyTo(addr)` | 回复地址 |
+| `Attach(path)` / `AttachBytes(name, data)` | 普通附件（路径 / 内存字节） |
+| `InlineImage(cid, path)` / `InlineImageBytes(cid, name, data)` | 内嵌图片，HTML 中用 `<img src="cid:<cid>">` 引用 |
+| `Header(key, value)` | 自定义邮件头（如 `List-Unsubscribe`、`X-Mailer`），标准头不可覆盖 |
+| `Build()` | 生成 `*Message` |
+
+### 内嵌图片示例
+
+```go
+msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+	To("user@example.com").
+	Subject("Welcome").
+	HTML(`<h1>Hi</h1><img src="cid:logo1">`).
+	InlineImageBytes("logo1", "logo.png", pngBytes). // 或 InlineImage("logo1", "logo.png")
+	Build()
+```
+
+> 说明：SMTP 与 Mailgun 支持内嵌图片；AWS SES / 阿里云 DirectMail 的 SendEmail 不支持内嵌图片，若使用会返回明确错误。
+
+### 从配置/DTO 快捷构建
+
+```go
+// 从 map 构建（便于接入配置/HTTP 请求体）
+msg, _ := mailx.FromMap(map[string]any{
+	"from": "a@e.com", "to": "b@e.com, c@e.com",
+	"subject": "hi", "text": "plain", "html": "<b>hi</b>",
+})
+
+// 从 JSON 构建
+msg, _ := mailx.FromBytes(jsonData)
+```
+
+### 地址工具
+
+```go
+mailx.IsValidAddress(`"张三" <a@b.com>`) // true，支持显示名
+mailx.ExtractEmail(`"张三" <a@b.com>`)  // "a@b.com"，SMTP 命令需纯地址
+mailx.AddressList("a@e.com, b@e.com; c@e.com") // 兼容逗号/分号分隔
+```
+
+## 错误处理
+
+所有错误均可通过 `errors.Is` 精确判断类型：
+
+```go
+err := mgr.SendWith(ctx, "nope", msg)
+switch {
+case errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSenderNotFound):
+	// 通道未注册，尝试其他通道
+case errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidConfig):
+	// 配置缺失/非法
+case errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrInvalidMessage):
+	// 消息校验失败
+case errors.Is(err, mailx.ErrSendFailed):
+	// 发送过程中通道返回错误
+}
+```
+
+## 扩展新通道
+
+实现 `mailx.Sender` 接口即可：
+
+```go
+type Sender interface {
+	Name() string                       // 通道唯一名称
+	Send(ctx context.Context, msg *mailx.Message) error
+}
+```
+
+```go
+package mychannel
+
+type MyChannel struct{ cfg Config }
+
+func New(cfg Config) *MyChannel { return &MyChannel{cfg: cfg} }
+func (c *MyChannel) Name() string { return "mychannel" }
+func (c *MyChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg *mailx.Message) error {
+	// 实现发送逻辑
+	return nil
+}
+```
+
+## 日志
+
+通道默认不输出日志；可通过两种方式注入：
+
+```go
+// 1. 管理器全局注入
+mgr.SetLogger(myLogger) // 实现 mailx.Logger 接口
+
+// 2. 通过 context 注入
+ctx = mailx.WithLogger(ctx, myLogger)
+```
+
+## 通道配置一览
+
+| 通道 | 配置结构 | 必填 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| smtp | `smtp.Config{Host, Port, User, Password, From, ReplyTo, Encryption, Timeout}` | Host/Port/User/Password |
+| aliyun | `aliyun.Config{AccessKeyID, AccessKeySecret, Endpoint, AccountName, ReplyAddress, Timeout}` | AccessKeyID/AccessKeySecret/AccountName |
+| aws | `aws.Config{AccessKeyID, AccessKeySecret, Region, Sender, Timeout}` | Sender（AWS 需预先验证发件地址） |
+| mailgun | `mailgun.Config{APIKey, Domain, Sender, Timeout}` | APIKey/Domain |
+
+### SMTP 加密
+
+`smtp.Config.Encryption` 支持以下模式，默认 `auto`（按端口自动选择）：
+
+| 模式 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- |
+| `auto` | 端口 465 走 SSL，其余端口走 STARTTLS |
+| `ssl` | 隐式 TLS（端口 465） |
+| `tls` | STARTTLS 升级加密（端口 587/25） |
+| `none` | 明文（仅内网/测试，不推荐） |
+
+## 超时控制
+
+每个通道都支持 `Timeout` 配置，防止发送阻塞，避免 goroutine 泄漏：
+
+- 默认超时 30s
+- 若调用方通过 `context.WithTimeout/WithDeadline` 传入更早的 deadline，则以更早者为准
+- 各通道具体实现：SMTP 为连接与投递的整体 deadline；阿里云/AWS/Mailgun 通过 API 超时 + ctx 取消兜底
+
+```go
+client := smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+	Host: "smtp.qq.com", Port: 465, User: "u", Password: "p",
+	Timeout: 10 * time.Second, // 单次发送 10s 超时
+})
+```
+
+## Manager 实例管理
+
+```go
+// 注册（实例名 = 通道类型名）与命名注册（可同类型多份）
+mgr.Register(s)                        // 实例名取 s.Name()
+mgr.RegisterNamed("smtp-backup", s)    // 自定义实例名
+
+// 注销与默认实例
+mgr.Unregister("smtp-backup")          // 注销后自动回退默认实例
+mgr.SetDefault("smtp-main")            // 设置默认实例
+
+// 遍历与查询
+mgr.Registered("smtp-backup")          // 实例是否已注册
+mgr.Names()                            // 所有实例名
+mgr.Senders()                          // []SenderInfo{Name 实例名, Type 通道类型}
+mgr.Default()                          // 当前默认实例名
+```
+
+遍历示例：
+
+```go
+for _, info := range mgr.Senders() {
+	fmt.Println(info.Name, info.Type) // 如 "smtp-main" "smtp"
+}
+```
+
+## 生产建议
+
+- **复用通道实例**：各通道内部惰性初始化并复用 SDK 客户端/连接池，业务侧应复用 `New` 出来的单例，避免每次新建
+- **消息校验**：`Message.Validate` 自动限制收件人总数（To+Cc+Bcc）≤50、附件数 ≤20、自定义头 ≤20、整封邮件大小 ≤25MB（`MaxMessageSize`），防止滥用配额
+- **并发安全**：`Manager` 与所有通道实例均线程安全，可安全地在多个 goroutine 中共享
+- **日志**：生产环境建议实现并注入 `Logger`。通过 `Manager` 发送时，框架会自动记录通道名、收件人、发送耗时与失败原因
+- **自定义邮件头**：营销邮件常用 `List-Unsubscribe` 退订头、`X-Mailer` 标识等，用 `Header(key, value)` 设置（标准头不可覆盖）
+
+## 示例代码
+
+仓库提供由浅入深的可运行示例，位于 `examples/` 目录（详见 [`examples/README.md`](./examples/README.md)）：
+
+| 示例 | 难度 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `examples/quickstart` | 入门 | 最简 SMTP 发送，逐行注释，适合第一次接触 |
+| `examples/basic` | 入门 | 单通道完整用法：HTML+附件+内嵌图片+显示名 |
+| `examples/manager` | 入门 | 多通道管理器：注册路由、主备切换、临时指定配置 |
+| `examples/with_env` | 进阶 | 用环境变量管理多通道凭据，避免密钥写死 |
+| `examples/advanced` | 进阶 | 主备切换、实例遍历、日志、超时、错误分类 |
+| `examples/custom_sender` | 进阶 | 实现自定义通道 + 接入自定义 Logger |
+
+```bash
+# 5 分钟上手（最简示例）
+cd examples/quickstart && go run main.go
+
+# 其余示例（在项目根目录执行）
+go run ./examples/basic
+go run ./examples/manager
+go run ./examples/with_env     # 需先配置 examples/with_env/.env
+go run ./examples/advanced
+go run ./examples/custom_sender
+```
+
+核心 API 的用法示例（`Example*` 测试）也会在 `go test` 中自动验证，可通过 `go doc` 查看。
+
+## 其他能力
+
+- `ParseHTMLResource(html)`：解析 HTML 中引用的 css/js/img 等静态资源地址
+- `aliyun.SyncStatus(ctx)`：阿里云通道回传发送状态记录
diff --git a/sender.go b/sender.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..144d1b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sender.go
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package mailx
+
+import "context"
+
+// Sender 发送通道接口，所有通道都实现该接口。
+// 实现该接口即可接入任意发送通道（SMTP/阿里云/AWS/Mailgun/自定义网关等），
+// 并复用 Manager 的注册路由、默认通道、日志注入与消息校验能力。
+type Sender interface {
+	// Name 返回通道类型名（如 "smtp" / "aliyun" / "aws" / "mailgun"）。
+	// 注意：Name 表示通道类型，不代表管理器中的唯一实例；
+	// 同一类型可用 RegisterNamed 注册多份不同配置的实例。
+	Name() string
+
+	// Send 发送一封邮件。ctx 用于超时与取消控制；
+	// 可通过 LoggerFromContext(ctx) 获取调用方注入的日志器。
+	Send(ctx context.Context, msg *Message) error
+}
diff --git a/smtp/smtp.go b/smtp/smtp.go
index aa71910..514a737 100644
--- a/smtp/smtp.go
+++ b/smtp/smtp.go
@@ -1,185 +1,633 @@
+// Package smtp 提供基于 SMTP 协议的邮件发送通道。
+//
+// 支持三种连接模式：
+//   - SSL/TLS 加密（如端口 465，Encryption=EncryptionSSL）
+//   - STARTTLS 加密（默认，如端口 587/25）
+//   - 明文（Encryption=EncryptionNone，不推荐）
 package smtp
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"mime"
+	"mime/multipart"
+	"mime/quotedprintable"
+	"net"
+	"net/mail"
 	"net/smtp"
+	"net/textproto"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 )
 
-// 邮件发送的封装
-// 1. 支持文本
-// 2. 支持文件
+// Encryption 连接加密模式
+type Encryption string
 
+const (
+	EncryptionAuto   Encryption = "auto"   // 根据端口自动选择：465 走 SSL，其余走 STARTTLS
+	EncryptionSSL    Encryption = "ssl"    // 隐式 TLS（端口 465）
+	EncryptionTLS    Encryption = "tls"    // STARTTLS 升级加密（端口 587/25）
+	EncryptionNone   Encryption = "none"   // 明文，不加密
+)
+
+// Config SMTP 通道配置
+type Config struct {
+	Host       string     // SMTP 服务器地址，如 smtp.qq.com
+	Port       int        // SMTP 端口，如 465 / 587 / 25
+	User       string     // 账号
+	Password   string     // 密码或授权码
+	From       string     // 默认发件人（可选，Message.From 优先）
+	ReplyTo    string     // 默认回复地址（可选）
+	Encryption Encryption // 连接加密模式，默认 EncryptionAuto
+	TLSSkipVerify bool   // 是否跳过 TLS 证书校验（仅测试环境使用，勿在生产开启）
+	Timeout    time.Duration // 单次发送的超时（含建连与投递），默认 30s；ctx 已带 deadline 时取较小者
+}
+
+// defaultTimeout 单次 SMTP 发送的默认超时
+const defaultTimeout = 30 * time.Second
+
+// Smtp SMTP 发送通道
 type Smtp struct {
-	interfaces.DefaultEmail
-	// params *interfaces.EmailConfigDataSmtp
-	auth smtp.Auth
-	// logger loggerx.LoggerInterface
+	cfg Config
 }
 
-func NewSmtp() *Smtp {
-	smtp := &Smtp{}
-	smtp.Options = interfaces.DefaultOptions()
-	smtp.EmailType = interfaces.EmailTypeSmtp
-	return smtp
+// New 创建 SMTP 通道
+func New(cfg Config) *Smtp {
+	if cfg.Encryption == "" {
+		cfg.Encryption = EncryptionAuto
+	}
+	return &Smtp{cfg: cfg}
 }
 
-func (l *Smtp) SetOption(ctx context.Context, opt ...interfaces.Option) (interfaces.EmailInterface, error) {
+// Name 返回通道名称
+func (s *Smtp) Name() string { return "smtp" }
 
-	for _, o := range opt {
-		o(&l.Options)
+// Send 发送一封邮件
+func (s *Smtp) Send(ctx context.Context, msg *mailx.Message) error {
+	logger := mailx.LoggerFromContext(ctx)
+
+	if s.cfg.Host == "" || s.cfg.Port == 0 {
+		return mailx.ErrInvalidConfig
 	}
 
-	l.Options.Logger.Infof(ctx, "params:%+v", l.Options.Smtp)
-
-	if l.Options.Smtp == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("not smtp")
+	from := s.firstNonEmpty(msg.From, s.cfg.From, s.cfg.User)
+	if from == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: smtp sender is empty", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig)
 	}
 
-	l.auth = smtp.PlainAuth("", l.Options.Smtp.Username, l.Options.Smtp.Password, l.Options.Smtp.Host)
-	return l, nil
-}
-
-func (l *Smtp) Send(ctx context.Context, message interfaces.Message) error {
-	if l.Options.Smtp == nil {
-		return errors.New("not init")
-	}
-	// .Auth()
-	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
-	boundary := "YunBoundaryYun"
-
-	Header := make(map[string]string)
-	// Header["From"] = "BOP<" + message.Form + ">"
-
-	if message.Form != "" {
-		Header["From"] = message.Form
-	} else {
-		Header["From"] = l.Options.Smtp.Username
-	}
-
-	if len(message.To) > 0 {
-		str := ""
-		for _, val := range message.To {
-			name := ""
-			s := strings.Split(val, "@")
-			if len(s) > 0 {
-				name = s[0]
-			}
-			str = str + "," + name + "<" + val + ">"
-		}
-		Header["To"] = strings.Trim(str, ",")
-		// Header["To"] = strings.Join(message.To, ",")
-	}
-	if len(message.Cc) > 0 {
-		str := ""
-		for _, val := range message.Cc {
-			name := ""
-			s := strings.Split(val, "@")
-			if len(s) > 0 {
-				name = s[0]
-			}
-			str = str + "," + name + "<" + val + ">"
-		}
-		Header["Cc"] = strings.Trim(str, ",")
-		// Header["Cc"] = strings.Join(message.Cc, ",")
-	}
-	if len(message.Bcc) > 0 {
-		str := ""
-		for _, val := range message.Bcc {
-			name := ""
-			s := strings.Split(val, "@")
-			if len(s) > 0 {
-				name = s[0]
-			}
-			str = str + "," + name + "<" + val + ">"
-		}
-		Header["Bcc"] = strings.Trim(str, ",")
-		// Header["Bcc"] = strings.Join(message.Bcc, ",")
-	}
-
-	Header["Subject"] = message.Subject
-	Header["Content-Type"] = "multipart/mixed; charset=UTF-8; boundary=" + boundary
-	Header["Date"] = time.Now().String()
-	Header["Reply-To"] = message.ReplyTo
-
-	Header["X-Priority"] = "3"
-	l.writeHeader(buffer, Header)
-
-	body := "--" + boundary + "\r\n"
-	// body += "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 \r\n"
-	body += "Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8\r\n"
-	body += "Content-Transfer-Encoding:quoted-printable\r\n\r\n"
-	// body += "<html><body><h1>huang</h1><h2>xin</h2></body></html>\r\n"
-
-	// body += "<html><body>" + message.Body + "</body></html>\r\n"
-
-	body += message.Body + "\r\n"
-
-	// body += "--" + boundary + "--\r\n\r\n"
-	buffer.WriteString(body)
-
-	for _, value := range message.Attachment {
-		newBuf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
-		err := l.writeFile(newBuf, value.Content)
-		if err != nil {
-			fmt.Println("file err:", err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		f_name := path.Base(value.Content)
-		attachment := "--" + boundary + "\r\n"
-		attachment += "Content-Transfer-Encoding:base64\r\n"
-		attachment += "Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=" + f_name + "\r\n"
-		attachment += "Content-Type: application/octet-stream;charset=utf-8;name=" + f_name + "\r\n"
-		// attachment += "Contment-Type:" + message.attachment.contentType + ";name=\"" + message.attachment.name + "\"\r\n"
-		buffer.WriteString(attachment)
-
-		buffer.WriteString(newBuf.String())
-	}
-
-	buffer.WriteString("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n")
-	b := buffer.Bytes()
-	err := smtp.SendMail(l.Options.Smtp.Host+":"+l.Options.Smtp.Port, l.auth, l.Options.Smtp.Username, message.To, b)
-	return err
-}
-
-// 格式化header
-func (l *Smtp) writeHeader(buffer *bytes.Buffer, Header map[string]string) string {
-	header := ""
-	// header := "Content-Type: multipart/mixed;charset=UTF-8;boundary=\"YunBoundaryYun\" \r\n"
-	for key, value := range Header {
-		if value != "" {
-			header += key + ": " + value + "\r\n"
-		}
-	}
-	header += "\r\n"
-	buffer.WriteString(header)
-	return header
-}
-
-// 格式化文件
-func (l *Smtp) writeFile(buffer *bytes.Buffer, fileName string) error {
-	file, err := os.ReadFile(fileName)
+	data, err := s.buildMIME(msg, from)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	payload := make([]byte, base64.StdEncoding.EncodedLen(len(file)))
-	base64.StdEncoding.Encode(payload, file)
-	buffer.WriteString("\r\n")
-	for index, line := 0, len(payload); index < line; index++ {
-		buffer.WriteByte(payload[index])
-		if (index+1)%76 == 0 {
-			buffer.WriteString("\r\n")
+
+	if err := s.deliver(ctx, from, msg.To, data); err != nil {
+		logger.Errorf(ctx, "mailx/smtp: send to %v failed: %v", msg.To, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", mailx.ErrSendFailed, err)
+	}
+	logger.Infof(ctx, "mailx/smtp: sent to %v subject=%q", msg.To, msg.Subject)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// deliver 按配置的加密模式发送邮件
+func (s *Smtp) deliver(ctx context.Context, from string, to []string, data []byte) error {
+	switch s.effectiveEncryption() {
+	case EncryptionSSL:
+		return s.sendOverSSL(ctx, from, to, data)
+	case EncryptionNone:
+		return s.sendOverPlain(ctx, from, to, data)
+	default: // EncryptionTLS / EncryptionAuto(非465)
+		return s.sendOverStartTLS(ctx, from, to, data)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Smtp) effectiveEncryption() Encryption {
+	switch s.cfg.Encryption {
+	case EncryptionSSL, EncryptionTLS, EncryptionNone:
+		return s.cfg.Encryption
+	default: // auto
+		if s.cfg.Port == 465 {
+			return EncryptionSSL
 		}
+		return EncryptionTLS
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Smtp) tlsConfig() *tls.Config {
+	return &tls.Config{
+		ServerName:         s.cfg.Host,
+		InsecureSkipVerify: s.cfg.TLSSkipVerify, //nolint:gosec // 仅测试环境开启
+	}
+}
+
+// dialContext 建立 TCP 连接并应用 ctx 超时与 deadline
+func (s *Smtp) dialContext(ctx context.Context) (net.Conn, error) {
+	dialer := &net.Dialer{Timeout: s.singleTimeout(ctx)}
+	conn, err := dialer.DialContext(ctx, "tcp", fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", s.cfg.Host, s.cfg.Port))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// 建连后设置整体投递 deadline，保证连接上的所有 I/O 不会无限阻塞
+	if err := applyDeadline(conn, s.singleTimeout(ctx)); err != nil {
+		_ = conn.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return conn, nil
+}
+
+// sendOverSSL 直接建立 TLS 连接（端口 465）
+func (s *Smtp) sendOverSSL(ctx context.Context, from string, to []string, data []byte) error {
+	raw, err := s.dialContext(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	tlsConn := tls.Client(raw, s.tlsConfig())
+	if err := tlsConn.HandshakeContext(ctx); err != nil {
+		_ = raw.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	client, err := smtp.NewClient(tlsConn, s.cfg.Host)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = raw.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	// 由 sendWithClient 统一负责 Close
+	return s.sendWithClient(ctx, client, from, to, data)
+}
+
+// sendOverStartTLS 建立明文连接后用 STARTTLS 升级
+func (s *Smtp) sendOverStartTLS(ctx context.Context, from string, to []string, data []byte) error {
+	conn, err := s.dialContext(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	client, err := smtp.NewClient(conn, s.cfg.Host)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = conn.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := client.StartTLS(s.tlsConfig()); err != nil {
+		_ = client.Close()
+		return fmt.Errorf("starttls: %w", err)
+	}
+	return s.sendWithClient(ctx, client, from, to, data)
+}
+
+// sendOverPlain 明文发送（不加密，仅用于内网/测试）
+func (s *Smtp) sendOverPlain(ctx context.Context, from string, to []string, data []byte) error {
+	conn, err := s.dialContext(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	client, err := smtp.NewClient(conn, s.cfg.Host)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = conn.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	return s.sendWithClient(ctx, client, from, to, data)
+}
+
+// sendWithClient 基于已建立的 SMTP 客户端完成认证与投递
+// 底层连接的 deadline 已在 dialContext 阶段设置，覆盖整个投递流程。
+func (s *Smtp) sendWithClient(_ context.Context, client *smtp.Client, from string, to []string, data []byte) error {
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	if s.cfg.User != "" {
+		auth := smtp.PlainAuth("", s.cfg.User, s.cfg.Password, s.cfg.Host)
+		if ok, _ := client.Extension("AUTH"); ok {
+			if err := client.Auth(auth); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("auth: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// SMTP 命令要求纯邮箱地址（不含显示名），这里统一提取
+	senderAddr, err := mailx.ExtractEmail(from)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: invalid from address %q: %v", mailx.ErrInvalidConfig, from, err)
+	}
+	if err := client.Mail(senderAddr); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, addr := range to {
+		recipient, rerr := mailx.ExtractEmail(addr)
+		if rerr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: invalid recipient %q: %v", mailx.ErrInvalidMessage, addr, rerr)
+		}
+		if err := client.Rcpt(recipient); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	w, err := client.Data()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := w.Write(data); err != nil {
+		_ = w.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := w.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := client.Quit(); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+// singleTimeout 计算单次发送的 I/O 超时：取 cfg.Timeout 与 ctx deadline 中较小者
+func (s *Smtp) singleTimeout(ctx context.Context) time.Duration {
+	timeout := s.cfg.Timeout
+	if timeout <= 0 {
+		timeout = defaultTimeout
+	}
+	if dl, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
+		if remain := time.Until(dl); remain < timeout {
+			timeout = remain
+		}
+	}
+	return timeout
+}
+
+// applyDeadline 为 net.Conn 设置整体 deadline
+func applyDeadline(conn net.Conn, d time.Duration) error {
+	if d <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return conn.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(d))
+}
+
+// buildMIME 使用标准库构造邮件体，按内容自动选择 MIME 结构：
+//   - 仅正文：multipart/alternative（text/plain + text/html）
+//   - 正文 + 内嵌图片：multipart/related，内含 alternative + inline 图片
+//   - 有普通附件：multipart/mixed（可再内含 related）
+func (s *Smtp) buildMIME(msg *mailx.Message, from string) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+
+	replyTo := s.firstNonEmpty(msg.ReplyTo, s.cfg.ReplyTo)
+	hasBody := msg.Body != "" || msg.TextBody != ""
+	hasAttachments := len(msg.Attachments) > 0
+	hasInline := len(msg.Inline) > 0
+
+	// ---- 顶部 Header ----
+	header := textproto.MIMEHeader{}
+	header.Set("From", formatAddressHeader(from))
+	header.Set("To", formatAddressList(msg.To))
+	if len(msg.Cc) > 0 {
+		header.Set("Cc", formatAddressList(msg.Cc))
+	}
+	if len(msg.Bcc) > 0 {
+		header.Set("Bcc", formatAddressList(msg.Bcc))
+	}
+	header.Set("Subject", encodeHeader(msg.Subject))
+	header.Set("Date", time.Now().Format(time.RFC1123Z))
+	header.Set("MIME-Version", "1.0")
+	if replyTo != "" {
+		header.Set("Reply-To", formatAddressHeader(replyTo))
+	}
+	// 自定义头（不覆盖标准头）
+	for k, v := range msg.Headers {
+		if k != "" && v != "" && !hasStdHeader(k) {
+			header.Set(k, encodeHeader(v))
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ---- 正文 alternative 部分（先独立生成，便于在各结构中复用） ----
+	var altBytes []byte
+	var altBoundary string
+	if hasBody {
+		altBuf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+		altMP := multipart.NewWriter(altBuf)
+		if err := writeAlternative(altMP, msg); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		altBytes = altBuf.Bytes()
+		altBoundary = altMP.Boundary()
+	}
+
+	// ---- related 层（正文 + 内嵌图片） ----
+	var related *multipart.Writer
+	var relatedBytes []byte
+	if hasInline {
+		rbuf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+		related = multipart.NewWriter(rbuf)
+		// 先写 alternative 作为 related 的第一个 part
+		if hasBody {
+			altHdr := textproto.MIMEHeader{}
+			altHdr.Set("Content-Type", "multipart/alternative; boundary="+altBoundary)
+			altPart, err := related.CreatePart(altHdr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: create related alternative: %w", err)
+			}
+			if _, err := altPart.Write(altBytes); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: write related alternative: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		for _, inl := range msg.Inline {
+			name, data, mtype, err := s.readInline(inl)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			inlHdr := textproto.MIMEHeader{}
+			inlHdr.Set("Content-Type", mtype+"; name="+encodeHeader(name))
+			inlHdr.Set("Content-Disposition", fmt.Sprintf("inline; filename=%q", name))
+			inlHdr.Set("Content-ID", "<"+inl.CID+">")
+			inlHdr.Set("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "base64")
+			part, err := related.CreatePart(inlHdr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: create inline part: %w", err)
+			}
+			bw := base64.NewEncoder(base64.StdEncoding, part)
+			if _, err := bw.Write(data); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: write inline: %w", err)
+			}
+			if err := bw.Close(); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: close inline: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		if err := related.Close(); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: close related: %w", err)
+		}
+		relatedBytes = rbuf.Bytes()
+	}
+
+	// ---- 顶层 body（mixed / related / alternative） ----
+	var bodyBytes []byte
+	switch {
+	case hasAttachments:
+		mbuf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+		mixed := multipart.NewWriter(mbuf)
+		if hasBody || hasInline {
+			bodyHdr := textproto.MIMEHeader{}
+			if hasInline {
+				bodyHdr.Set("Content-Type", mimeTypeWithBoundary("multipart/related", relatedBoundary(relatedBytes)))
+			} else {
+				bodyHdr.Set("Content-Type", "multipart/alternative; boundary="+altBoundary)
+			}
+			bodyPart, err := mixed.CreatePart(bodyHdr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: create mixed body part: %w", err)
+			}
+			content := relatedBytes
+			if !hasInline {
+				content = altBytes
+			}
+			if _, err := bodyPart.Write(content); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: write mixed body: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		for _, att := range msg.Attachments {
+			name, data, err := s.readAttachment(att)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			attHdr := textproto.MIMEHeader{}
+			attHdr.Set("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream; name="+encodeHeader(name))
+			attHdr.Set("Content-Disposition", fmt.Sprintf("attachment; filename=%q", name))
+			attHdr.Set("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "base64")
+			part, err := mixed.CreatePart(attHdr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: create attachment part: %w", err)
+			}
+			bw := base64.NewEncoder(base64.StdEncoding, part)
+			if _, err := bw.Write(data); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: write attachment: %w", err)
+			}
+			if err := bw.Close(); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: close attachment: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		if err := mixed.Close(); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: close mixed: %w", err)
+		}
+		bodyBytes = mbuf.Bytes()
+		header.Set("Content-Type", "multipart/mixed; boundary="+mixed.Boundary())
+	case hasInline:
+		header.Set("Content-Type", mimeTypeWithBoundary("multipart/related", relatedBoundary(relatedBytes)))
+		bodyBytes = relatedBytes
+	case hasBody:
+		header.Set("Content-Type", "multipart/alternative; boundary="+altBoundary)
+		bodyBytes = altBytes
+	}
+
+	// 统一先写 headers，再写 body
+	writeHeaders(buf, header)
+	buf.Write(bodyBytes)
+	return buf.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+// mimeTypeWithBoundary 生成带 boundary 的 Content-Type
+func mimeTypeWithBoundary(mediaType, boundary string) string {
+	return mediaType + "; boundary=" + boundary
+}
+
+// relatedBoundary 从 related 内容中提取 boundary
+func relatedBoundary(relatedBytes []byte) string {
+	for _, line := range bytes.Split(relatedBytes, []byte("\r\n")) {
+		if after, ok := bytes.CutPrefix(line, []byte("Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary=")); ok {
+			return string(after)
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// formatAddressList 将地址列表编码为头部字符串（显示名 + 地址）
+func formatAddressList(addrs []string) string {
+	parts := make([]string, 0, len(addrs))
+	for _, a := range addrs {
+		if s := formatAddressHeader(a); s != "" {
+			parts = append(parts, s)
+		}
+	}
+	return strings.Join(parts, ", ")
+}
+
+// formatAddressHeader 将单个地址（可含显示名）编码为合法头部值
+func formatAddressHeader(s string) string {
+	a, err := mail.ParseAddress(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		// 无法解析时回退为原始值（可能带非 ASCII，做 RFC2047 编码）
+		return encodeHeader(s)
+	}
+	if a.Name == "" {
+		return a.Address
+	}
+	return encodeHeader(a.Name) + " <" + a.Address + ">"
+}
+
+// hasStdHeader 判断是否为邮件标准头（这些由框架统一生成，不允许被自定义头覆盖）
+func hasStdHeader(k string) bool {
+	switch strings.ToLower(k) {
+	case "from", "to", "cc", "bcc", "subject", "date", "reply-to", "mime-version", "content-type":
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// writeAlternative 将正文以 text/plain + text/html 写入 alternative 结构
+func writeAlternative(mp *multipart.Writer, msg *mailx.Message) error {
+	// 纯文本部分
+	if msg.TextBody != "" {
+		th := textproto.MIMEHeader{}
+		th.Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=UTF-8")
+		th.Set("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
+		part, err := mp.CreatePart(th)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: create text part: %w", err)
+		}
+		qp := quotedprintable.NewWriter(part)
+		if _, err := qp.Write([]byte(msg.TextBody)); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: write text: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := qp.Close(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: close text: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	// HTML 部分
+	if msg.Body != "" {
+		hh := textproto.MIMEHeader{}
+		hh.Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=UTF-8")
+		hh.Set("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
+		part, err := mp.CreatePart(hh)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: create html part: %w", err)
+		}
+		qp := quotedprintable.NewWriter(part)
+		if _, err := qp.Write([]byte(msg.Body)); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: write html: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := qp.Close(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: close html: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := mp.Close(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: close alternative: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func writeHeaders(buf *bytes.Buffer, hdr textproto.MIMEHeader) {
+	// 固定顺序输出标准头，保证可读性
+	std := []string{"Date", "From", "To", "Cc", "Bcc", "Subject", "Reply-To", "MIME-Version", "Content-Type"}
+	written := make(map[string]bool, len(std))
+	for _, k := range std {
+		if v := hdr.Values(k); len(v) > 0 {
+			buf.WriteString(k + ": " + v[0] + "\r\n")
+			written[k] = true
+		}
+	}
+	// 剩余的自定义头（按 key 排序保证稳定输出）
+	var extra []string
+	for k := range hdr {
+		if !written[k] && !hasStdHeader(k) {
+			extra = append(extra, k)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(extra)
+	for _, k := range extra {
+		if v := hdr.Values(k); len(v) > 0 {
+			buf.WriteString(k + ": " + v[0] + "\r\n")
+		}
+	}
+	buf.WriteString("\r\n")
+}
+
+// readAttachment 解析附件（路径或内存字节）
+func (s *Smtp) readAttachment(att mailx.Attachment) (string, []byte, error) {
+	if len(att.Data) > 0 {
+		name := att.Name
+		if name == "" {
+			name = "attachment"
+		}
+		return name, att.Data, nil
+	}
+	if att.Path != "" {
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(att.Path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: read attachment %q: %w", att.Path, err)
+		}
+		name := att.Name
+		if name == "" {
+			name = baseName(att.Path)
+		}
+		return name, data, nil
+	}
+	return "", nil, errors.New("mailx/smtp: attachment has neither path nor data")
+}
+
+// readInline 解析内嵌图片（路径或内存字节），返回 文件名、数据、MIME 类型
+func (s *Smtp) readInline(inl mailx.InlineImage) (string, []byte, string, error) {
+	name := inl.Name
+	mtype := inl.MIMEType
+	if mtype == "" {
+		if name != "" {
+			mtype = mime.TypeByExtension(strings.ToLower(pathExt(name)))
+		}
+		if mtype == "" {
+			mtype = "image/octet-stream"
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(inl.Data) > 0 {
+		if name == "" {
+			name = "inline"
+		}
+		return name, inl.Data, mtype, nil
+	}
+	if inl.Path != "" {
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(inl.Path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", nil, "", fmt.Errorf("mailx/smtp: read inline %q: %w", inl.Path, err)
+		}
+		if name == "" {
+			name = baseName(inl.Path)
+		}
+		if mtype == "image/octet-stream" {
+			mtype = mime.TypeByExtension(strings.ToLower(pathExt(inl.Path)))
+			if mtype == "" {
+				mtype = "image/octet-stream"
+			}
+		}
+		return name, data, mtype, nil
+	}
+	return "", nil, "", errors.New("mailx/smtp: inline image has neither path nor data")
+}
+
+// pathExt 提取路径扩展名（含点），兼容 / 与 \
+func pathExt(p string) string {
+	p = baseName(p)
+	if i := strings.LastIndexByte(p, '.'); i >= 0 {
+		return p[i:]
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// firstNonEmpty 返回第一个非空字符串
+func (s *Smtp) firstNonEmpty(vals ...string) string {
+	for _, v := range vals {
+		if v != "" {
+			return v
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// encodeHeader 对非 ASCII 的头部字段做 RFC 2047 编码（ASCII 内容原样返回）
+func encodeHeader(s string) string {
+	return mime.QEncoding.Encode("UTF-8", s)
+}
+
+// baseName 取路径中的文件名，兼容 / 与 \ 分隔符
+func baseName(p string) string {
+	if i := strings.LastIndexAny(p, `/\`); i >= 0 {
+		return p[i+1:]
+	}
+	return p
+}
diff --git a/smtp/smtp_internal_test.go b/smtp/smtp_internal_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..787a08e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/smtp/smtp_internal_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+package smtp
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	mailx "code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
+)
+
+func TestBuildMIME(t *testing.T) {
+	s := New(Config{Host: "h", Port: 25, From: "default@example.com", ReplyTo: "dr@example.com"})
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("sender@example.com").
+		To("to@example.com").
+		Cc("cc@example.com").
+		Subject("主题").
+		Body("<p>hi</p>").
+		ReplyTo("msg-reply@example.com").
+		AttachBytes("a.txt", []byte("content")).
+		Build()
+
+	data, err := s.buildMIME(msg, "sender@example.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	out := string(data)
+
+	for _, want := range []string{
+		"From: sender@example.com",
+		"To: to@example.com",
+		"Cc: cc@example.com",
+		"Reply-To: msg-reply@example.com",
+		"MIME-Version: 1.0",
+		"multipart/mixed",
+		"text/html; charset=UTF-8",
+		"attachment; filename",
+		"Y29udGVudA==", // base64("content")
+	} {
+		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
+			t.Errorf("MIME missing %q, got:\n%s", want, out)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildMIMEWithoutBody(t *testing.T) {
+	s := New(Config{})
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("to@example.com").
+		Subject("s").
+		AttachBytes("a.txt", []byte("x")).
+		Build()
+
+	data, err := s.buildMIME(msg, "f@example.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	out := string(data)
+	if strings.Contains(out, "text/html") {
+		t.Errorf("should not contain html part, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "multipart/mixed") {
+		t.Errorf("should contain multipart/mixed for attachment, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildMIMEFromFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	// Message.From 为空时回退到 Config.From
+	s := New(Config{From: "cfg-from@example.com"})
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("t@e.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	data, err := s.buildMIME(msg, "cfg-from@example.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(string(data), "From: cfg-from@example.com") {
+		t.Fatalf("From header missing, got:\n%s", data)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReadAttachment(t *testing.T) {
+	s := New(Config{})
+
+	// 按路径
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	p := filepath.Join(dir, "x.txt")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(p, []byte("abc"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	name, data, err := s.readAttachment(mailx.Attachment{Path: p})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if name != "x.txt" || string(data) != "abc" {
+		t.Errorf("name=%q data=%q", name, data)
+	}
+
+	// 内存字节
+	name, data, err = s.readAttachment(mailx.Attachment{Name: "m.bin", Data: []byte{1, 2}})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if name != "m.bin" || !bytes.Equal(data, []byte{1, 2}) {
+		t.Errorf("name=%q data=%v", name, data)
+	}
+
+	// 空附件报错
+	if _, _, err := s.readAttachment(mailx.Attachment{}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("empty attachment should error")
+	}
+
+	// 路径不存在报错
+	if _, _, err := s.readAttachment(mailx.Attachment{Path: filepath.Join(dir, "nope.txt")}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("missing file should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEncodeHeader(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := encodeHeader("plain"); got != "plain" {
+		t.Errorf("encodeHeader(plain) = %q", got)
+	}
+	got := encodeHeader("主题")
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(got, "=?UTF-8?q?") || !strings.HasSuffix(got, "?=") {
+		t.Errorf("encodeHeader(主题) = %q, want RFC 2047 encoded", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEffectiveEncryption(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		cfg  Config
+		want Encryption
+	}{
+		{"default 587 -> tls", Config{Host: "h", Port: 587}, EncryptionTLS},
+		{"default 465 -> ssl", Config{Host: "h", Port: 465}, EncryptionSSL},
+		{"default 25 -> tls", Config{Host: "h", Port: 25}, EncryptionTLS},
+		{"explicit ssl", Config{Host: "h", Port: 587, Encryption: EncryptionSSL}, EncryptionSSL},
+		{"explicit tls", Config{Host: "h", Port: 465, Encryption: EncryptionTLS}, EncryptionTLS},
+		{"explicit none", Config{Host: "h", Port: 465, Encryption: EncryptionNone}, EncryptionNone},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := New(c.cfg).effectiveEncryption(); got != c.want {
+				t.Errorf("effectiveEncryption() = %q, want %q", got, c.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildMIMEInlineImage(t *testing.T) {
+	s := New(Config{})
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From(`"张三" <sender@example.com>`).
+		To("to@example.com").
+		Subject("s").
+		HTML(`<p>hi <img src="cid:logo1"></p>`).
+		InlineImageBytes("logo1", "logo.png", []byte{0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47}).
+		Build()
+
+	data, err := s.buildMIME(msg, `"张三" <sender@example.com>`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	out := string(data)
+
+	// 显示名应被 RFC2047 编码
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "From: =?UTF-8?q?") {
+		t.Errorf("display name not encoded, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	// related 结构 + 内嵌图片
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "multipart/related") {
+		t.Errorf("missing multipart/related, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	// textproto 会将 Content-ID 规范化为 Content-Id（RFC 允许，客户端能正确解析）
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "Content-Id: <logo1>") && !strings.Contains(out, "Content-ID: <logo1>") {
+		t.Errorf("missing Content-ID, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "inline; filename") {
+		t.Errorf("missing inline disposition, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	// png 签名 base64（0x89 0x50 0x4e 0x47 -> iVBORw==）
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "iVBORw==") {
+		t.Errorf("png data missing, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildMIMECustomHeaders(t *testing.T) {
+	s := New(Config{})
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("t@e.com").
+		Subject("s").
+		Header("List-Unsubscribe", "<https://example.com/unsub>"). // 自定义头
+		Header("X-Mailer", "mailx").
+		Header("Subject", "should-not-override"). // 标准头，不应覆盖
+		Build()
+
+	data, err := s.buildMIME(msg, "f@e.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	out := string(data)
+
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "List-Unsubscribe: <https://example.com/unsub>") {
+		t.Errorf("missing custom header List-Unsubscribe, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "X-Mailer: mailx") {
+		t.Errorf("missing custom header X-Mailer, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	// 标准头 Subject 不应被自定义值覆盖
+	if strings.Contains(out, "Subject: should-not-override") {
+		t.Errorf("custom header overrode standard Subject, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "Subject: s") {
+		t.Errorf("standard Subject lost, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReadInline(t *testing.T) {
+	s := New(Config{})
+
+	// 按路径读取，MIME 类型由扩展名推断
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	p := filepath.Join(dir, "img.png")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(p, []byte{0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47}, 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	name, data, mtype, err := s.readInline(mailx.InlineImage{CID: "cid1", Path: p})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if name != "img.png" || string(data) != string([]byte{0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47}) {
+		t.Errorf("path inline: name=%q data=%v", name, data)
+	}
+	if mtype != "image/png" {
+		t.Errorf("mtype = %q, want image/png", mtype)
+	}
+
+	// 内存字节 + 显式 MIME 类型
+	name, data, mtype, err = s.readInline(mailx.InlineImage{CID: "c2", Name: "x.jpg", Data: []byte{1}, MIMEType: "image/jpeg"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if name != "x.jpg" || mtype != "image/jpeg" {
+		t.Errorf("memory inline: name=%q mtype=%q", name, mtype)
+	}
+
+	// 空 inline 报错
+	if _, _, _, err := s.readInline(mailx.InlineImage{}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("empty inline should error")
+	}
+
+	// 路径不存在报错
+	if _, _, _, err := s.readInline(mailx.InlineImage{CID: "c", Path: filepath.Join(dir, "nope.png")}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("missing inline file should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFormatAddressHeader(t *testing.T) {
+	// 纯地址原样
+	if got := formatAddressHeader("a@example.com"); got != "a@example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("plain = %q", got)
+	}
+	// 带显示名
+	got := formatAddressHeader(`"张三" <a@example.com>`)
+	if !strings.Contains(got, "=?UTF-8?q?") || !strings.Contains(got, "<a@example.com>") {
+		t.Errorf("display name = %q", got)
+	}
+	// 非法地址回退为 RFC2047 编码
+	if got := formatAddressHeader("not-an-email"); got == "" {
+		t.Errorf("invalid address should fallback, got empty")
+	}
+	// 空字符串
+	if got := formatAddressHeader(""); got != "" {
+		t.Errorf("empty = %q, want empty", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFormatAddressList(t *testing.T) {
+	got := formatAddressList([]string{"a@e.com", `"B" <b@e.com>`})
+	if !strings.Contains(got, "a@e.com") || !strings.Contains(got, "b@e.com") {
+		t.Errorf("list = %q", got)
+	}
+	// 空列表
+	if got := formatAddressList(nil); got != "" {
+		t.Errorf("empty list = %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBaseNameAndPathExt(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := baseName("/a/b/c.txt"); got != "c.txt" {
+		t.Errorf("baseName unix = %q", got)
+	}
+	if got := baseName(`C:\dir\f.txt`); got != "f.txt" {
+		t.Errorf("baseName win = %q", got)
+	}
+	if got := pathExt("a.png"); got != ".png" {
+		t.Errorf("pathExt = %q", got)
+	}
+	if got := pathExt("noext"); got != "" {
+		t.Errorf("pathExt noext = %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildMIMEAlternative(t *testing.T) {
+	s := New(Config{})
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("t@e.com").
+		Subject("s").
+		Text("纯文本正文").
+		HTML("<p>html正文</p>").
+		Build()
+
+	data, err := s.buildMIME(msg, "f@e.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	out := string(data)
+
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "multipart/alternative") {
+		t.Errorf("should use multipart/alternative, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "text/plain; charset=UTF-8") {
+		t.Errorf("missing text/plain part, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "text/html; charset=UTF-8") {
+		t.Errorf("missing text/html part, got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/smtp/smtp_test.go b/smtp/smtp_test.go
index b71d060..d4c907e 100644
--- a/smtp/smtp_test.go
+++ b/smtp/smtp_test.go
@@ -1,30 +1,36 @@
 package smtp_test
 
 import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
-	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/interfaces"
+	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx"
 	"code.yun.ink/pkg/mailx/smtp"
 )
 
+// TestMail 真实发送到外部 SMTP 服务器，需要网络与有效凭据。
+// 用于本地联调，CI 中可跳过。
 func TestMail(t *testing.T) {
-	sm := smtp.NewSmtp()
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	ini, err := sm.SetOption(ctx, interfaces.SetSmtp(&interfaces.EmailConfigDataSmtp{
-		Username: "support@email.blueoceanpay.com",
-		Password: "SupporT2017",
-		ReplyTo:  "",
-		Host:     "smtpdm-ap-southeast-1.aliyun.com",
-		Port:     "80",
-	}))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skip real send in short mode")
 	}
+	client := smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host:     "smtpdm-ap-southeast-1.aliyun.com",
+		Port:     80,
+		User:     "support@email.blueoceanpay.com",
+		Password: "SupporT2017",
+	})
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
 
 	req, err := http.Get("https://baidu.com")
 	if err != nil {
@@ -37,55 +43,215 @@ func TestMail(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	msg := interfaces.Message{
-		To:         []string{"995116474@qq.com"},
-		Cc:         []string{"287852692@qq.com"},
-		Bcc:        []string{"1362716835@qq.com"},
-		ReplyTo:    "huangxinyun@dreaminglife.cn",
-		Subject:    "test mail",
-		Body:       string(by),
-		Attachment: []interfaces.MessageAttachment{
-			// {
-			// 	Name:        "/code/statistic/out.xlsx",
-			// 	ContentType: "",
-			// 	WithFile:    true,
-			// },
-			// {
-			// 	Name:        "/code/statistic/origin.xlsx",
-			// 	ContentType: "",
-			// 	WithFile:    true,
-			// },
-			// {
-			// 	Name:        "/code/statistic/out2.xlsx",
-			// 	ContentType: "",
-			// 	WithFile:    true,
-			// },
-		},
-	}
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		To("995116474@qq.com").
+		Cc("287852692@qq.com").
+		Bcc("1362716835@qq.com").
+		ReplyTo("huangxinyun@dreaminglife.cn").
+		Subject("test mail").
+		Body(string(by)).
+		Build()
 
-	err = ini.Send(ctx, msg)
+	err = client.Send(ctx, msg)
 	fmt.Println(err)
 }
 
-// func TestQQ(t *testing.T) {
+// TestSendFakeServer 使用内存 SMTP 服务器做端到端验证，不依赖外部网络。
+func TestSendFakeServer(t *testing.T) {
+	var got bytes.Buffer
+	host, port := startFakeSMTPServer(t, func(data []byte) { got.Write(data) })
 
-// 	// 发件人邮箱
-// 	from := "995116474@qq.com"
-// 	// 授权码，而非密码
-// 	authCode := "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
-// 	// 收件人邮箱，可以是多个收件人
-// 	to := []string{"yun@yun.ink"}
-// 	// 邮件服务器信息
-// 	smtpHost := "smtp.qq.com"
-// 	smtpPort := "587" // 或使用465，根据你的SMTP服务器要求设置
+	client := smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host:       host,
+		Port:       port,
+		User:       "sender@example.com",
+		Password:   "secret",
+		Encryption: smtp.EncryptionNone, // 假服务器不支持 TLS，使用明文验证投递流程
+	})
 
-// 	mail := mailx.NewMailx(from, authCode, smtpHost, smtpPort)
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().
+		From("sender@example.com").
+		To("to@example.com", "to2@example.com").
+		Cc("cc@example.com").
+		Subject("测试主题").
+		Body("<h1>Hello</h1>").
+		ReplyTo("reply@example.com").
+		AttachBytes("a.txt", []byte("attachment-data")).
+		Build()
 
-// 	msg := mailx.Message{
-// 		To:      to,
-// 		Subject: "test mail",
-// 		Body:    "测试",
-// 	}
-// 	err := mail.Send(msg)
-// 	fmt.Println(err)
-// }
+	if err := client.Send(context.Background(), msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Send: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	out := got.String()
+	for _, want := range []string{
+		"From: sender@example.com",
+		"To: to@example.com, to2@example.com",
+		"Cc: cc@example.com",
+		"Reply-To: reply@example.com",
+		"Subject: =?UTF-8?q?",
+		"multipart/mixed",
+		"text/html; charset=UTF-8",
+		"attachment; filename",
+		"base64",
+	} {
+		if !strings.Contains(out, want) {
+			t.Errorf("delivered MIME missing %q, got:\n%s", want, out)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendEmptySender(t *testing.T) {
+	client := smtp.New(smtp.Config{Host: "h", Port: 25})
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+	if err := client.Send(context.Background(), msg); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Send without sender should error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestName(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := smtp.New(smtp.Config{}).Name(); got != "smtp" {
+		t.Errorf("Name() = %q, want smtp", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// startFakeSMTPServer 启动一个内存 SMTP 服务器，捕获 DATA 阶段内容。
+func startFakeSMTPServer(t *testing.T, capture func([]byte)) (string, int) {
+	t.Helper()
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = ln.Close() })
+
+	go func() {
+		for {
+			conn, err := ln.Accept()
+			if err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+			go serveSMTP(conn, capture)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	host, portStr, _ := net.SplitHostPort(ln.Addr().String())
+	port, _ := strconv.Atoi(portStr)
+	return host, port
+}
+
+// serveSMTP 处理单个 SMTP 连接，支持 EHLO/AUTH PLAIN/MAIL/RCPT/DATA/QUIT。
+func serveSMTP(conn net.Conn, capture func([]byte)) {
+	defer conn.Close()
+	r := bufio.NewReader(conn)
+	w := bufio.NewWriter(conn)
+	respond := func(line string) {
+		_, _ = w.WriteString(line + "\r\n")
+		_ = w.Flush()
+	}
+
+	respond("220 fake ESMTP ready")
+
+	inData := false
+	var data bytes.Buffer
+	for {
+		line, err := r.ReadString('\n')
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		line = strings.TrimRight(line, "\r\n")
+
+		if inData {
+			if line == "." {
+				inData = false
+				capture(data.Bytes())
+				data.Reset()
+				respond("250 2.0.0 Ok: queued")
+				continue
+			}
+			data.WriteString(line + "\r\n")
+			continue
+		}
+
+		switch {
+		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "EHLO"):
+			respond("250-localhost")
+			respond("250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN")
+			respond("250 8BITMIME")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "AUTH"):
+			respond("235 2.7.0 Authentication successful")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "MAIL FROM"):
+			respond("250 2.1.0 Ok")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "RCPT TO"):
+			respond("250 2.1.5 Ok")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "DATA"):
+			respond("354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>")
+			inData = true
+		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "STARTTLS"):
+			// 假服务器不支持 TLS 升级，明确拒绝，避免客户端挂起
+			respond("454 4.7.0 TLS not available")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "QUIT"):
+			respond("221 2.0.0 Bye")
+			return
+		default:
+			respond("502 5.5.2 Command not recognized")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendTimeout 验证当 SMTP 服务器不响应时，deadline 能及时中断发送而非无限阻塞。
+func TestSendTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+	host, port := startSilentSMTPServer(t)
+
+	client := smtp.New(smtp.Config{
+		Host:       host,
+		Port:       port,
+		Encryption: smtp.EncryptionNone,
+		Timeout:    300 * time.Millisecond, // 短超时
+	})
+
+	msg := mailx.NewMessage().To("a@b.com").Subject("s").Build()
+
+	start := time.Now()
+	err := client.Send(context.Background(), msg)
+	elapsed := time.Since(start)
+
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected timeout error, got nil")
+	}
+	if elapsed > 3*time.Second {
+		t.Fatalf("Send took %v, expected to time out quickly", elapsed)
+	}
+}
+
+// startSilentSMTPServer 启动一个接受连接但从不响应的服务器，用于测试超时。
+func startSilentSMTPServer(t *testing.T) (string, int) {
+	t.Helper()
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = ln.Close() })
+
+	go func() {
+		for {
+			conn, err := ln.Accept()
+			if err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+			// 静默：读取请求但从不回复，让客户端因 deadline 超时
+			go func(c net.Conn) {
+				defer c.Close()
+				buf := make([]byte, 1024)
+				for {
+					if _, err := c.Read(buf); err != nil {
+						return
+					}
+				}
+			}(conn)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	host, portStr, _ := net.SplitHostPort(ln.Addr().String())
+	port, _ := strconv.Atoi(portStr)
+	return host, port
+}
diff --git a/status.go b/status.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48fb9c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/status.go
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package mailx
+
+// EmailSendStatus 邮件发送状态
+type EmailSendStatus int
+
+const (
+	EmailSendStatusUnknown        EmailSendStatus = 0
+	EmailSendStatusSuccess        EmailSendStatus = 1
+	EmailSendStatusInvalidAddress EmailSendStatus = 2
+	EmailSendStatusSpam           EmailSendStatus = 3
+	EmailSendStatusFailed         EmailSendStatus = 4
+)
+
+// EmailSendRecord 邮件发送记录（用于通道回传发送状态）
+type EmailSendRecord struct {
+	AccountName  string          // 发件人
+	UpdateTime   int64           // 毫秒时间戳
+	Status       EmailSendStatus // 状态
+	ToUser       string          // 收件人
+	Subject      string          // 邮件主题
+	ErrorMessage string          // 错误信息
+}
diff --git a/util.go b/util.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6711349
--- /dev/null
+++ b/util.go
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package mailx
+
+import (
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// htmlTagPattern 匹配 HTML 开标签：< 标签名 [属性...]>
+// 不匹配注释、DTD、结束标签（</）、处理指令（<?），避免普通文本 "a < b > c" 被误判。
+var htmlTagPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`<[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9-]*(?:\s+[^>]*)?>`)
+
+// IsHTML 判断文本是否为 HTML：要求包含至少一个完整的 HTML 开标签。
+func IsHTML(s string) bool {
+	return htmlTagPattern.MatchString(s)
+}
+
+// EscapeHTML 将纯文本转义为 HTML 安全的文本。
+func EscapeHTML(s string) string {
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "&", "&amp;")
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "<", "&lt;")
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, ">", "&gt;")
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, `"`, "&quot;")
+	return s
+}
+
+// fileBaseName 取路径中的文件名，同时兼容 / 与 \ 分隔符。
+// 用于从文件路径推导附件/内嵌图片的默认名称。
+func fileBaseName(p string) string {
+	if i := strings.LastIndexAny(p, `/\`); i >= 0 {
+		p = p[i+1:]
+	}
+	if p == "" || p == "." {
+		return "attachment"
+	}
+	return p
+}